Iindawo ezininzi ezibalulekileyo, izinto, iinkcubeko kunye namaqela kuyo yonke imbali zilahlekile, zikhuthaza i-archaeologists kunye nabazingeli bobutyebi kwihlabathi liphela ukuba babakhangele. Ubukho bezinye zezi ndawo okanye izinto, ngakumbi ezo zisuka kwimbali yakudala, ziyimbali kwaye zihlala zingumbuzo.
Siyazi ukuba kukho amawakawaka eeakhawunti ukuba siqala ukubala, kodwa apha kweli nqaku, sidwelise ezinye zeakhawunti ezidumileyo 'zembali elahlekileyo' ezingaqhelekanga kwaye zinomdla kwangaxeshanye:
1 | Imbali ebilahlekile ngaphambili
UTroy
ISixeko samandulo iTroy - isixeko esasiyimeko yeMfazwe yeTrojan echazwe kumjikelo we-Greek Epic Cycle, ngakumbi kwi-Iliad, enye yeemibongo yeengqungquthela ezibhekiswe kuHomer. UTroy wafunyanwa nguHeinrich Schliemann, usomashishini waseJamani kunye novulindlela kwicandelo lezinto zakudala. Nangona oku kufunyenwe kuphikisiwe. Ifunyenwe kwii-1870s, isixeko salahleka phakathi kwe-12th century BC kunye ne-14th century BC.
IOlimia
Indawo yamaGrike yokunqula iOlimpia, idolophu encinci e-Elis peninsula yasePeloponnese eGrisi, edume ngendawo ekufuphi yezinto zakudala enegama elifanayo, eyayiyindawo ephambili yonqulo yasePanhellenic kwiGrisi yamandulo, apho kwakubanjelwa khona iMidlalo yeOlimpiki yamandulo. Kwafunyanwa ngabembi bezinto zakudala baseJamani ngo-1875.
Imikhosi elahlekileyo yeVarus
Imikhosi elahlekileyo yaseVarus yagqitywa ukubonwa nge-15 AD yaphinda yafunyanwa ngo-1987. I-Varus ikhunjulwa ngokubanzi ngokulahlekelwa yimikhosi emithathu yamaRoma xa yayihlaselwa zizizwe zamaJamani ezazikhokelwa ngu-Arminius kwi-Idabi leHlathi laseTeutoburg, apho wazibulala khona.
Pompeii
Iidolophu zaseRoma iPompeii, iHerculaneum, iStabiae, ne-Oplontis zonke zangcwatywa kuqhushumbo lweNtaba iVesuvius. Yalahleka ngo-79 AD, yaphinda yafunyanwa ngo-1748.
I-Nuestra Señora de Atocha
INuestra Señora de Atocha, inqanawa yobuncwane yaseSpain kunye neyona nqanawa yaziwa kakhulu yenqanawa yeenqanawa ezatshona kwinkanyamba eFlorida Keys ngo-1622. Yafunyanwa ngo-1985. Ngexesha lokutshona kwakhe, uNuestra Señora de Atocha Wayethwele kakhulu ubhedu, isilivere, igolide, icuba, amatye anqabileyo, kunye ne-indigo evela kumazibuko aseSpain eCagagena nasePorto Bello eNew Granada - namhlanje yiColombia nePanama, ngokulandelelana- naseHavana, eya eSpain. Inqanawa yabizwa ngokuba yiparadesi yaseAtocha eMadrid.
I-Titanic yeRMS
I-RMS Titanic yalahleka ngo-1912, yafunyanwa ngo-1985. Ngubani ongaziyo ngale nqanawe yaseBritani yokuhamba ngenqwelomoya eyayiqhutywa yiWhite Star Line eyatshona kuMantla oLwandlekazi lweAtlantic ngentsasa yomhla we-15 ku-Epreli 1912, emva kokubetha Umkhenkce omde ngexesha lokuhamba kwakhe ngenqanawa ukusuka eSouthampton ukuya kwisiXeko saseNew York? Kubaqikeleli abangama-2,224 abakhweli kunye nabasebenzi ababekhwele apho, ngaphezulu kwe-1,500 babhubha, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ukutshona kube yenye yeembali zanamhlanje ezibulala abantu ngeentlekele zolwandle.
2 | Isalahlekileyo imbali
Izizwe ezilishumi ezilahlekileyo zakwaSirayeli
Iintlanga ezilishumi ezilahlekileyo zakwaSirayeli zalahleka emva kohlaselo olwenziwa yi-Asiriya ngo-722 BC. Izizwe ezilishumi ezilahlekileyo yayilishumi kwiZizwe ezilishumi elinambini zakwaSirayeli ekuthiwa zagxothwa eBukumkanini bakwaSirayeli emva kokoyiswa yi-Neo-Asiriya yoBukhosi malunga ne-722 BCE. Ezi zizizwe zakwaRubhen, uSimon, uDan, uNafetali, uGadi, uAshere, uIsakare, uZebhulon, uManase noEfrayim. Amabango emvelaphi yezizwe "ezilahlekileyo" aphakanyisiwe ngokunxulumene namaqela amaninzi, kwaye ezinye iinkolo zixhasa umbono kaMesiya wokuba ezi zizwe ziya kubuya. Kwinkulungwane yesi-7 neye-8 yeXesha Eliqhelekileyo, ukubuya kwezizwe ezilahlekileyo kwakudityaniswa nengcinga yokuza kukaMesiya.
Umkhosi olahlekileyo waseCambyses:
Umkhosi olahlekileyo weCambyses II -umkhosi wamajoni angama-50,000 525 awanyamalala kwintlango entlango yase-Egypt malunga ne-530 BC. UCambyses II wayengukumkani wesibini wooKumkani boBukhosi beAchaemenid ukusuka ngo-522 ukuya ku-XNUMX BC. Wayengunyana nomlandeli kaKoreshi Omkhulu.
Ityeya yomnqophiso:
Ityeya yomnqophiso, ekwabizwa ngokuba yiTyeya yeSingqino, nakwiivesi ezimbalwa kwiinguqulelo ezahlukeneyo njengeTyeya kaThixo, yayiyibhokisi eyenziwe ngomthi egutyungelwe ngegolide enesiciko esichazwe kwiNcwadi yeEksodus enelitye ezimbini amacwecwe eMithetho Elishumi. Ngokwemibhalo eyahlukeneyo kwiBhayibhile yesiHebhere, yayiqulathe intonga ka-Aron nembiza yemana.
Ityeya yomnqophiso yalahleka emva kohlaselo lwaseBhabheli eJerusalem. Ukusukela ekunyamalalweni kwayo kwingxelo yeBhayibhile, kuye kwakho amabango aliqela okufunyanwa kunye nokuba neTyeya, kwaye iindawo ezininzi ezinokubakho ziye zacetyiswa ngendawo ekuyo kubandakanya:
INtaba yeNebo eJerusalem, iTyalike yase-Ethiopia iTewahedo e-Axum, umqolomba onzulu kwiintaba zaseDumghe eMazantsi eAfrika, iChartres Cathedral yaseFrance, iBasilica yaseSt. ENgilani, iNduli yaseTara eIreland njl.
Ngelixa abaninzi bekholelwa ukuba i-Anubis Shrine (Shrine 261) ye-Tomb kaFaro Tutankhamun, efumaneka kwiNtlambo yooKumkani, i-Egypt, inokuba yiTyeya yomnqophiso.
Umfanekiso oqingqiweyo kaMarduk
I-Statue kaMarduk - umfanekiso oqingqiweyo obalulekileyo waseBhabheli walahleka ngaxa lithile ngexesha le-5 ukuya kwi-1 leminyaka BC. Eyaziwa nangokuthi yiSitampu seBêl, iSitampu sikaMarduk yayiyimbonakalo yesithixo uMarduk, isithixo esasixhasa isixeko samandulo saseBhabheli, esihlala kwitempile ephambili yesixeko, i-Esagila.
Ingcwele Engcwele
IGrail Engcwele, ekwabizwa ngokuba yiChalice eNgcwele, kwezinye izithethe zobuKristu isitya esisetyenziswe nguYesu kwiSidlo sangokuhlwa sokugqibela ukwenza iwayini. Kukholelwa ukuba unamandla omlingo. Ekuhlonelweni kwe-relic, izinto ezininzi zobugcisa zachongwa njengeGrail eNgcwele. Izinto ezimbini zakudala, enye eGenoa kunye neValencia, yaziwa ngokukodwa kwaye ichongwa njengeGrail eNgcwele.
Umkhosi wethoba wamaRoma
Umkhosi Wethoba WaseRoma wanyamalala kwimbali emva kowe-120 AD. ILegio IX Hispana yayilijoni lomkhosi wamaRoma wase-Imperial owawususela kwinkulungwane yokuqala ye-BC ukuya kuthi ga kwi-AD 1. Umkhosi walwa kumaphondo ahlukeneyo eRiphabhlikhi yaseRoma nasekuqaleni koBukhosi baseRoma. Yayime e-Bhritane emva kohlaselo lwamaRoma ngo-120 AD. Umkhosi wanyamalala kwiirekhodi zaseRoma ezisindayo emva c. I-AD 43 kwaye akukho akhawunti ikhoyo malunga nento eyenzekileyo kuyo.
Ikholoni yaseRoanoke
Phakathi kowe-1587 nowe-1588, iRoanoke Colony yaseRoanoke Island, eMantla Carolina iSettlers yekoloni yokuqala yamaNgesi kwiLizwe elitsha iyanyamalala, ishiya indawo yokuhlala eyayishiyekileyo negama elithi “Croatoan,” igama lesiqithi esikufutshane, laqoshwa eposini.
Umngxunya weMali kwi-Oak Island
Umngxunya weMali kwiSiqithi sase-Oak, ubutyebi obulahlekileyo obuvela ngaphambi kuka-1795. Isiqithi sase-Oak saziwa kakhulu ngethiyori ezahlukeneyo malunga nobutyebi obunokungcwatywa okanye ubugcisa bembali, kunye nokuhlola okunxulumene noko.
Inqanawa yaseMahogany
Inqanawa yaseMahogany - inqanawa yamandulo eyaphulukana nenqanawa eyayilahlekile ndaweni ithile kufutshane naseWarrnambool, eVictoria, e-Australia. Yagqibela ukubonwa ngo-1880.
Imayini yegolide yomDatshi elahlekileyo
Ngokwentsomi edumileyo yaseMelika, umgodi wegolide osisityebi ufihliwe ndaweni ithile kumazantsi mpuma eUnited States. Indawo ekukholelwa ukuba ikwiNtaba zeNkolelo, kufutshane neApache Junction, kwimpuma yePhoenix, Arizona. Ukusukela ngo-1891, kubekho amabali amaninzi malunga nendlela yokufumana umgodi, kwaye unyaka nonyaka abantu bakhangela umgodi. Abanye baye basweleka besakhangelwa.
Umzi wepalamente waseVictoria
I-Mace yasePalamente yaseVictoria ilahlekile okanye ibiwe ukuba ingaphinde ifumaneke. Ngomnyaka we-1891, i-mace exesheni exabisekileyo yabiwe kwiPalamente yaseVictoria, evusa enye yezona mfihlakalo zingasombululwanga kwimbali yase-Australia.
Isacholo saseIreland
IiJewels Ezingoyena Myalelo ubalaseleyo ka-Saint Patrick, odla ngokubizwa ngokuba yiIrown Crown Jewels okanye i-State Jewels yase-Ireland, yayizezona nkwenkwezi zinobucwebe zininzi kunye neebheji ezenziwe nge-1831 ye-Emperor kunye ne-Grand Master ye-Order ye-St. Babiwe kwiNqaba yaseDublin ngo-1907 kunye neekhola ezintlanu zee-knights zomyalelo. Ubusela abukaze busonjululwe kwaye iigugu azikaze zifumaneke.
Oodade abangamawele
I-Twin Sisters, izibini zeetoni ezisetyenziswa yi-Texas Military Forces ngexesha le-Texas Revolution kunye ne-American Civil War, zalahleka ngo-1865.
U-Amelia Earhart kunye nenqwelomoya yakhe
U-Amelia Mary Earhart wayenguvulindlela waseMelika kunye nombhali. U-Earhart wayengowokuqala ukubhabha i-aviator ukubhabha yedwa kwi-Atlantic Ocean. Wabeka ezinye iirekhodi, wabhala iincwadi ezithengisa kakhulu malunga namava akhe okubhabha, kwaye waba negalelo ekubunjweni kweeNinety-Nines, umbutho wabaqhubi beenqwelo moya.
Ngexesha lokuzama ukwenza inqwelomoya ejikeleza umhlaba ngo-1937 kwi-Purdue exhaswa ngemali yi-Lockheed Model 10-E Electra, Earhart kunye nomqhubi wenqanawa uFred Noonan banyamalala kuLwandlekazi lwePasifiki kufutshane neHowland Island. Abaphandi abakhange bakwazi ukuzilanda okanye iintsalela zeenqwelomoya. U-Earhart kwathiwa usweleke ngoJanuwari 5, 1939.
Igumbi le-Amber
Igumbi le-Amber ligumbi elihonjiswe ngeepaneli ze-amber ezixhaswe ngamagqabi egolide kunye nezipili, ezibekwe kwiNdlu kaCatherine yaseTsarskoye Selo kufutshane naseSt. Lakhiwa ngenkulungwane ye-18 ePrussia, igumbi lachithwa kwaye ekugqibeleni lanyamalala ngexesha leMfazwe yesibini (II) yeHlabathi. Phambi kokuphulukana nayo, yathathelwa ingqalelo njengo "Mmangaliso wesibhozo wehlabathi". Ukwakhiwa ngokutsha kwafakwa kwiNdlu yaseCatherine phakathi kwe-1979 kunye ne-2003.
Flight 19
Ngomhla kaDisemba 5, 1945, i-Flight 19 -i-TBF Avenger ezintlanu- yalahleka ngazo zonke ii-airmen ezili-14 ngaphakathi kweBermuda Triangle. Phambi kokuphulukana nonxibelelwano lukanomathotholo kunxweme olusemazantsi eFlorida, inkokheli yenqwelomoya yeFlight 19 kwathiwa iviwe: "Yonke into ibonakala ingaqhelekanga, nditsho nolwandle," kwaye "Singena emanzini amhlophe, akukho nto ibonakala ilungile." Ukwenza izinto nokuba zingaziwa, i-PBM Mariner BuNo 59225 ikwaphulukene ne-13 airmen kwangolo suku ngelixa yayikhangela i-Flight 19, kwaye azikaze ziphinde zifumaneke.
INkosi uNelson's Chelengk
Idayimani ye-Admiral Lord Nelson uChelengk yenye yezona zixhobo zidumileyo nezaziwayo kwimbali yaseBritane. Yaziswa kuNelson nguSultan Selim III waseTurkey emva kweMfazwe yaseNayile ngo-1798, le jewel yayinemitha elishumi elinesithathu yedayimani yokumela iinqanawa zaseFrance ezazithinjiwe okanye zatshatyalaliswa.
Emva kwexesha ngo-1895, usapho lukaNelson lwathengisa iChelengk kwifandesi kwaye ekugqibeleni lafumana indlela eya kwiMyuziyam yoLwandle yeSizwe esandula kuvulwa eGreenwich apho yayiyimbonakalo yeenkwenkwezi. Ngo-1951, igugu laye labiwa kuhlaselo olubi olwenziwa yikati-burglar yaza yalahleka ngonaphakade.
I-Jules Rimet yeNdebe yeHlabathi yeBhola eKhatywayo yeBhola eKhatywayo
I-Jules Rimet Trophy, eyanikwa ophumelele iNdebe yeHlabathi yeBhola ekhatywayo, yabiwa ngo-1966 phambi kweNdebe yeHlabathi yeBhola eKhatywayo eyayiseNgilane ngo-1966. Indebe kamva yafunyanwa yinja egama linguPickles eyathi kamva yanconywa kwaye yafumana inkolo elandela ubuqhawe bayo.
Ngo-1970, iBrazil yafumana iJules Rimet Trophy ngokungapheliyo emva kokuphumelela iNdebe yeHlabathi. Kodwa ngo-1983, indebe yaphinde yabiwa kwityala laseRio de Janeiro, eBrazil, elalingenakuthintelwa ziimbumbulu kodwa ngenxa yesakhelo salo somthi. Ibhanki kunye nommeli weqela lebhola ekhatywayo obizwa ngokuba nguSérgio Pereira Ayres wayengoyena nobangela wobusela. Nangona iMyuziyam yeBhola eKhatywayo yeHlabathi sele ifumene isiseko sendebe, ibisalahlekile phantse iminyaka engamashumi amane.
Amangcwaba alahlekileyo abantu abaphambili bembali
Kude kube namhla, akukho mntu unalo uluvo malunga nokuba akho phi amangcwaba emifanekiso eqingqiweyo. Apha ngezantsi kukho amanani abantu beembali kabani amangcwaba abo alahlekileyo asaza kufunyanwa:
- UAlexander Omkhulu
- Genghis Khan
- UAkhenaten, utata kaTutankhamun
- UNefertiti, uKumkanikazi wase-Egypt
- UAlfred, uKumkani waseWessex
- U-Attila, uMlawuli we-Huns
- UThomas Paine
- ULeonardo da Vinci
- Mozart
- UCleopatra kunye noMark Anthony
Ithala leencwadi laseAlexandria
ILayibrari eNkulu yaseAlexandria eAlexandria, e-Egypt, yayiyeyona thala leencwadi likhulu nelibalulekileyo kwihlabathi lakudala. Ithala lencwadi laliyinxalenye yeziko lophando elikhulu elibizwa ngokuba yiMouseion, eyayinikezelwe kuMuses, oothixokazi abalithoba bezobugcisa. Ngokwababhali-mbali, ngaxa lithile, ngaphezulu kwemisongo engama-400,000 yagcinwa kwithala leencwadi. IAlexandria kwakudala isaziwa ngezopolitiko zayo ezinobundlobongela nezingazinzanga. Ke ngoko, iLayibrari eNkulu yatshiswa okanye yatshatyalaliswa kwimfazwe enye okanye nangaphezulu kwembali.
3 | Isalahleka kodwa imbali engaphefumlelwanga
Isiqithi saseAtlantis
IAltantis, ilizwe elisisiqithi elinentsomi elikhankanyiweyo kwiingxoxo zikaPlato "uTimaeus" kunye "neCritias," ibe yinto eyothusayo phakathi kwezithandi zobulumko nezazi ngembali phantse iminyaka engama-2,400 424. UPlato (c. 328-9,600 BC) ubuchaza njengombuso onamandla noqhubela phambili owatshona, ngobusuku nemini, elwandle malunga ne-XNUMX BC
AmaGrike amandulo ayehlukene malunga nokuba ibali likaPlato liza kuthathwa njengembali okanye isikweko nje. Ukusukela kwinkulungwane ye-19, kuye kwabakho umdla ohlaziyiweyo wokudibanisa iAtlantis kaPlato neendawo ezinembali, ubukhulu becala sisiqithi saseGrisi iSantorini, esatshatyalaliswa kukuqhushumba kwentaba-mlilo malunga ne-1,600 BC
El Dorado: Isixeko esilahlekileyo seGolide
U-El Dorado, ekuqaleni u-El Hombre Dorado okanye u-El Rey Dorado, yayiligama elalisetyenziswa buBukhosi baseSpain ukuchaza inkosi yasentsomini yabantu baseMuisca, abantu bomthonyama baseAltiplano Cundiboyacense yaseColombia, abathi, njengesiko lokwaluka, bazigquma ngothuli lwegolide kunye nokuntywila kwiLake Guatavita.
Ukutyhubela iinkulungwane, eli bali likhokelele abantu ukuba baye kufuna isixeko segolide. Ngenkulungwane ye-16 neye-17, abemi baseYurophu babekholelwa ukuba kwindawo ethile kwihlabathi elitsha kukho indawo yobutyebi obuninzi obaziwa ngokuba yi-El Dorado. Ukukhangela kwabo obu buncwane bachitha ubomi obungenakubalwa, kwaqhuba umntu omnye ukuba azibulale, kwaye wabeka enye indoda phantsi kwezembe lomphumezi.
Inqanawa elahlekileyo yasentlango
Intsomi malunga nenqanawa ekudala ilahlekile ingcwatyelwe phantsi kwentlango yaseCalifornia iqhubekile kangangeenkulungwane. Ithiyori zisusela kwigalari yaseSpain ukuya kwiViking Knarr- nayo yonke into ephakathi. Akukho akhawunti yezembali, okanye uyakufumana ubungqina obuncinci bala mabali. Kodwa abo bakholelwa kubukho bayo balatha kwindlela amanzi awayegubungele ngayo lo mmandla womileyo. Amagqabantshintshi oMama oNdalo avule ithuba lokuba kubekho imfihlelo yolwandle, baxoxa.
Uqeqesho lweNazi lweGolide
Imbali ithi kwiintsuku zokugqibela zeMfazwe yesibini (II) yeHlabathi, amajoni amaNazi alayisha uloliwe oxhobileyo eBreslau, ePoland ngezinto eziphangiweyo ezifana negolide, isinyithi esinexabiso, iigugu kunye nezixhobo. Uloliwe wemka waya ngasentshona ngaseWaldenburg, malunga neekhilomitha ezingama-40 kude. Nangona kunjalo, kwindawo ethile esendleleni, uloliwe nazo zonke izinto zawo zexabiso wanyamalala kwiiNtaba ze-Owl.
Kule minyaka idlulileyo, uninzi luzamile ukufumana udumo "lweNazi yeGolide yoLoliwe" kodwa akukho namnye kubo okwazileyo ukwenza njalo. Ababhali-mbali bathi akukho bungqina bunokungqina ubukho "boqeqesho lwamaNazi ngeGolide." Ngelixa kuyinyani ukuba, ngexesha lemfazwe, uHitler wayalela ukuba enze uthungelwano oluyimfihlo lweetonela eziphantsi komhlaba kwiiNtaba ze-Owl.
Abantu baphantse baphela njani malunga neminyaka engama-70,000 eyadlulayo?
Abantu baphantse baphela malunga neminyaka engama-70,000 eyadlulayo xa inani labemi lehle ngaphantsi kwama-2,000 XNUMX. Kodwa akukho mntu uqinisekile ukuba kutheni okanye kwenzeka njani. Nangona kunjalo, "Inkolelo yentlekele yaseToba" ithi uqhushumbo olukhulu lwe-supervolcano lwenzeka malunga ne-70,000 BC, kwangexesha elinye elikhulu Ingqayi ye-DNA. Uphando lubonisa ukuba olu dubulo lwentaba-mlilo ekuthiwa yiToba, eSumatra eIndonesia, luthintele ilanga kunxweme oluninzi lwaseAsia kangangeminyaka emi-6 ilandelelana, lubangela ubusika obunentaba-mlilo obubi kunye nexesha lokupholisa elineminyaka eli-1,000 XNUMX emhlabeni.
Ngokutsho Ithiyori yofuzo ", phakathi kweminyaka engama-50,000 100,000 ukuya ku-3,000 10,000 eyadlulayo, abantu baye bancipha ngokuqatha baba ngama-1,000-10,000 abantu abasindileyo. Ixhaswa bubungqina bemfuza obucebisa ukuba abantu banamhlanje bavela kwinani elincinci kakhulu eliphakathi kwe-70,000 XNUMX ne-XNUMX XNUMX yeebhanti zokuzalela ezazikho malunga neminyaka engama-XNUMX eyadlulayo.
Ilahlekile njani iipesenti ezingama-97 zembali yoluntu namhlanje?
Ukuba sijonga emva kwimbali siyakufumanisa ukuba kukho amawakawaka eziganeko ezingaqondakaliyo ezenzeke kwiqhezu elincinci lembali yomntu. Kwaye ukuba sigcina bucala imizobo yomqolomba (engenakuwenza umahluko omkhulu), iqhezu ababhali-mbali bethu kunye nososayensi ababonakala ngathi bayalazi mhlawumbi alikho ngaphezulu kwe-3-10%.
Izazi ngembali zifumene uninzi lwembali yakudala eneenkcukacha kwizikripthi ezahlukeneyo. Kwaye impucuko yaseMesopotamiya, ebandakanya abantu esibabiza ngokuba ngabaseSumeriya, baqala ukusebenzisa ukubhala okubhaliweyo ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-5,500 XNUMX eyadlulayo. Phambi koko, kwenzeka ntoni kwimbali yoluntu ??
Iyintoni kanye kanye imbali yabantu? Yintoni ekufuneka siyithathele ingqalelo njengembali yomntu? Kwaye sazi kangakanani ngayo?
Zimbini iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuchaza ixesha lembali yomntu kwaye simisele ukuba sazi kangakanani ngala maxesha:
- Indlela ye-1: "I-Anatomically Modern homo sapiens" okanye i-homo sapiens sapiens yaqala ukubakho kwiminyaka engama-200,000 eyadlulayo. Ke ngaphandle kweminyaka engama-200k yembali yoluntu, i-195.5k ayinazo iimpepha. Oko kuthetha ukuba malunga ne-97%.
- Indlela ye-2: Ukuziphatha kwangoku, nangona kunjalo, kwenzeka kwiminyaka engama-50,000 90 eyadlulayo. Oko kuthetha ukuba malunga nama-XNUMX%.
Ke ngoko, ungatsho ukuba abantu bayeka ukuphila njengabaqokeleli-bazingeli kuphela kwiminyaka engama-10,000 XNUMX eyadlulayo, kodwa abantu ababephambi kwabo babebukeka ngabantu, kwaye amabali abo alahlekile ngonaphakade.
