Isigameko seDyatlov Pass: Isiphelo esothusayo sabakhenkethi abayi-9 baseSoviet
Isiganeko seDyatlov Pass sidlulisa ukufa okungaqondakaliyo kwabahambi beSoviet abalithoba kwintaba yaseKholat Syakhl kumantla eeNtaba ze-Ural eRashiya. Isiganeko esibuhlungu kodwa esoyikekayo senzeka phakathi komhla woku-1 kunye nowe-2 kuFebruwari ka-1959, kwaye yonke imizimba ayizange ifunyanwe de kwangoMeyi. Ukususela ngoko, ummandla apho isiganeko senzeke khona ibizwa ngokuba yi "Dyatlov Pass," ngokusekelwe kwigama lenkokeli yeqela le-ski, u-Igor Dyatlov. Kwaye i Isizwe saseMansi Lo mmandla ubiza le ndawo ngokuthi “Intaba yabafileyo” ngolwimi lwabo lweenkobe.
Apha kweli nqaku, sishwankathele lonke ibali lesehlo seDyatlov Pass ukufumana iinkcazo ezinokuthi zenzeke kubakhenkethi baseRashiya abali-9 abanamava ababhubhe ngokumasikizi kwingingqi yeentaba zeDyatlov Pass kweso siganeko sibi.
Iqela lokutyibiliza kwisehlo seDyatlov Pass
Iqela lenzelwa uhambo lwe-ski lokuwela i-Urals esemantla e-Sverdlovsk Oblast. Iqela lasekuqaleni, likhokelwa ngu-Igor Dyatlov, elinamadoda asibhozo nabafazi ababini. Uninzi yayingabafundi okanye abaphumelele kwiziko iUral Polytechnical Institute, ethiywe igama langoku njenge IYunivesithi yaseUral Federal. Amagama abo kunye nobudala banikwe apha ngezantsi ngokwahlukeneyo:
- Igor Alekseevich Dyatlov, inkokeli yeqela, owazalwa ngoJanuwari 13, 1936, waza wafa eneminyaka engama-23.
- UYuri Nikolaievich Doroshenko, owazalwa ngoJanuwari 29, 1938, waza wafa eneminyaka engama-21 ubudala.
- ULyudmila Alexandrovna Dubinina, owazalwa ngoMeyi 12, 1938, waza wafa eneminyaka engama-20 ubudala.
- UYuri (Georgiy) uAlexeievich Krivonischenko, owazalwa ngoFebruwari 7, 1935, waza wafa eneminyaka engama-23 ubudala.
- Alexander Sergeievich Kolevatov, owazalwa ngoNovemba 16, 1934, waza wafa eneminyaka engama-24 ubudala.
- UZinaida Alekseevna Kolmogorova, owazalwa ngoJanuwari 12, 1937, waza wafa eneminyaka engama-22.
- URustem Vladimirovich Slobodin, owazalwa ngoJanuwari 11, 1936, waza wafa eneminyaka engama-23 ubudala.
- UNicolai Vladimirovich Thibeaux-Brignolles, owazalwa ngoJulayi 8, 1935, waza wafa eneminyaka engama-23 ubudala.
- Semyon (Alexander) Alekseevich Zolotaryov, owazalwa ngoFebruwari 2, 1921, waza wafa eneminyaka engama-38 ubudala.
- U-Yuri Yefimovich Yudin, umlawuli wohambo, owazalwa ngoJulayi 19, 1937, kwaye wayekuphela komntu ongazange asweleke kwisehlo seDyatlov Pass. Wasweleka kamva ngoAprili 27, 2013, eneminyaka engama-75 ubudala.
Injongo kunye nobunzima bohambo
Injongo yeli phulo yayikukufikelela e-Otorten, intaba eyi-10 yeekhilomitha kumantla esiza apho kwenzeke khona isehlo esibuhlungu. Le ndlela, ngoFebruwari, yayiqikelelwa njenge Udidi-III, oko kuthetha ukuba kunzima kakhulu ukunyuka. Kodwa kwakungeyiyo inkxalabo kwiqela lokuskiya, kuba onke amalungu ayenamava kukhenketho olude lwe-ski kunye nohambo lwentaba.
Ingxelo engaqhelekanga elahlekileyo yeqela likaDyatlov
Baqala umngcelele wabo osinga e-Otorten besuka eVizhai nge-27 kaJanuwari. UDyatlov waye wazisile ngeli phulo, wayezakuthumela itelegram kwiklabhu yabo yezemidlalo ngoFebruwari 12. Kodwa kuthe xa kudlula umhla we-12, akukho myalezo ufunyenweyo kwaye bonke balahlekile. Kungekudala urhulumente waqala uphando olubanzi lweqela elilahlekileyo labakhenkethi.
Ukufunyanwa okumangalisayo kwamalungu eqela leDyatlov phantsi kweemeko ezingaqondakaliyo
Ngomhla kaFebruwari 26, abaphandi baseSoviet bafumana iqela elilahlekileyo nelilahlekileyo eKholat Syakhl. Kwaye indawo yokumisa inkampu yabashiya bexakekile. Ngokuka Mikhail Sharavin, umfundi ofumene intente, “Intente leyo yayiqhekezwe besiqingatha ikwagqunywe likhephu. Yayize, yonke impahla nezihlangu zeqela zazisele ngasemva. ” Abaphandi bafika kwisigqibo sokuba intente yayinqunyulwe ngaphakathi.
Baphinda bafumanisa iiseti zemikhondo esibhozo okanye ezilithoba, ezishiywe ngabantu ababenxibe iikawusi kuphela, isihlangu esinye okanye benganxibanga zihlangu, ezinokulandelwa, zikhokelela ezantsi emaphethelweni omthi okufutshane, kwelinye icala lendlela, 1.5 Iikhilomitha ukuya emantla-mpuma. Nangona kunjalo, emva kweemitha ezingama-500, umzila weenyawo wawugutyungelwe likhephu.
Kwiphepha lehlathi elikufutshane, phantsi komsedare omkhulu, abaphandi bafumana omnye umbono omangalisayo. Babona intsalela yomlilo omncinci usavutha, kunye nemizimba emibini yokuqala, eyaseKrivonischenko naseDoroshenko, benganxibanga kwaye benxibe iimpahla zabo zangaphantsi kuphela. Amasebe emthini aphulwe ukuya kuthi ga kwiimitha ezintlanu ukuphakama, ecebisa ukuba omnye wabashushuluzi wanyuka waya kufuna into, mhlawumbi inkampu.
Kwimizuzu nje embalwa, phakathi komsedare nenkampu, abaphandi bafumana ezinye izidumbu ezintathu: UDyatlov, uKolmogorova kunye noSlobodin, ababebonakala ngathi basweleka bebonisa ukuba babezama ukubuyela ententeni. Bafunyenwe bodwa kwimigama ye-300, 480 kunye ne-630 yeemitha ukusuka emthini ngokwahlukeneyo.
Ukukhangela abahambi abane abaseleyo kuthathe ngaphezulu kweenyanga ezimbini. Ekugqibeleni bafunyanwa nge-4 kaMeyi phantsi kweemitha ezine zekhephu kwintlambo engama-75 eemitha ukuya kuma ehlathini ukusuka kuloo mthi womsedare apho abanye babekhe bafunyanwa khona ngaphambili.
Aba bane babenxibe ngcono kunabanye, kwaye kwakukho imiqondiso, ebonisa ukuba abo bafa kuqala babonakala bekhulule iimpahla zabo kwabanye. UZolotaryov wayenxibe idyasi yomnqwazi ka-Dubinina kunye nomnqwazi, ngelixa inyawo likaDubinina lalisongelwe kwisiqwenga sebhulukhwe yoboya baseKrivonishenko.
Iingxelo ze-Forensic zamaxhoba esiganeko seDyatlov Pass
Uphando lwezomthetho luqale kwangoko emva kokufumana imizimba emihlanu yokuqala. Uviwo lwezonyango alufumananga kwenzakala nto leyo enokuthi ikhokelele ekuswelekeni kwabo, kwaye kwagqitywa kwelokuba bonke babhubhe ngenxa yehypothermia. I-Slobodin yayineqhekeza elincinci kukhakhayi lwayo, kodwa kwakungacingelwa ukuba inxeba elibulalayo.
Uvavanyo lweminye imizimba emine - eyafunyanwa ngoMeyi yatshintsha ingxelo malunga nokwenzekileyo ngexesha lesiganeko. Abathathu kwabahambi besi ski benzakala ngokufa:
I-Thibeaux-Brignolles yayinomonakalo omkhulu wokakayi, kwaye bobabini iDubinina kunye neZolotaryov babenezikrelemnqa zesifuba. NgokukaGqr.Boris Vozrozhdenny, amandla afunekayo ukwenza loo monakalo ngeyona ndlela ibiphezulu kakhulu, xa uthelekisa namandla engozi yemoto. Ngokukodwa, imizimba yayingenawo amanxeba angaphandle ahambelana nethambo, ngokungathi babephantsi koxinzelelo oluphezulu.
Nangona kunjalo, ukwenzakala okukhulu kwangaphandle kwafunyanwa eDubinina, owayephulukene nolwimi, amehlo, inxenye yemilebe, kunye nethishu yobuso kunye nesiqwenga sethambo lokakayi; Wayenolusu olubanzi ezandleni. Kwakuthiwa iDubinina yafunyanwa ilele ngobuso phantsi kumjelo omncinci owawungena ngaphantsi kwekhephu kwaye ukonzakala kwayo kwangaphandle kwakuhambelana nokubola kwindawo emanzi, kwaye kwakungalindelekanga ukuba inxulumene nokusweleka kwakhe.
Iimfihlakalo ezashiywa yi-Dyatlov Pass Isiganeko
Nangona iqondo lobushushu laliphantsi kakhulu, malunga ne -25 ukuya kwi-30 ° C ngesiqhwithi esivuthuzayo, abafileyo babenxibe kancinci. Abanye babo babenezihlangu esinye kuphela, ngelixa abanye babengenazihlangu okanye benxibe iikawusi kuphela. Abanye bafunyanwa besongelwe ngamaqhekeza eempahla ezikrazukileyo ezazibonakala ngathi zinqunyulwe kwabo sele befile.
Ingxelo yeNtatheli kumacandelo akhoyo eefayile zokuphanda ibango lokuba ithi:
- Amalungu amathandathu eqela abulawa yi-hypothermia kunye nokwenzakala okubulalayo abathathu.
- Kwakungekho zikhombisi zabanye abantu abakufutshane eKholat Syakhl ngaphandle kwabahambi ngeenyawo abasithoba.
- Intente yayiqwengwe ngaphakathi.
- Amaxhoba asweleke iiyure ezi-6 ukuya kwezi-8 emva kwesidlo sabo sokugqibela.
- Imizila evela enkampini ibonise ukuba onke amalungu eqela ashiye inkampu ngokwawo, ngeenyawo.
- Ukubonakala kwezidumbu zabo kwakune-orenji encinci, yomile.
- Amaxwebhu akhutshiweyo aqulathe lwazi malunga nemeko yezitho zangaphezulu zomkhenkce.
- Kwakungekho bantu basindayo kweso siganeko ukuze babalise ibali.
Iithiyori emva kwemfihlakalo yesiganeko seDyatlov Pass
Njengokuba imfihlakalo iqala, abantu beza nenani leengcinga zokuzoba oyena nobangela wokufa okungaqhelekanga kwesiGaneko seDyatlov Pass. Ezinye zazo zikhankanywe ngokufutshane apha:
Bahlaselwa baza babulawa ngabemi bomthonyama
Kwakukho intelekelelo yokuqala yokuba abantu bomthonyama baseMansi babenokuhlasela babulale eli qela ngenxa yokungenelela kwimihlaba yabo, kodwa uphando olunzulu lwabonisa ukuba uhlobo lokusweleka kwabo aluyixhasi le ntelekelelo; iinyawo zabantu ababenyuka intaba zodwa zazibonakala, kwaye zazingabonisi zimpawu zokuzabalaza.
Ukuphelisa ithiyori yokuhlaselwa ngabantu bomthonyama, uGqirha Boris Vozrozhdenny wachaza esinye isigqibo esithi ukwenzakala okubulalayo kwale mizimba mithathu ngekhe kwabangelwa ngomnye umntu, "Kuba amandla okubetha ayenamandla kakhulu kwaye akukho zihlunu ezithambileyo ezonakalisiweyo."
Baye bafumana ezinye iintlobo zemibono ebonakalayo ngenxa ye-hypothermia
Ngelixa, abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba banokuba namava athile iziqendu zengqondo ezinzulu ezinje ngombono obonakalayo ngenxa yehypothermia kumaqondo obushushu asezantsi kakhulu.
Ukuqina kwehypothermia ekugqibeleni kukhokelela ekusileleni kwentliziyo kunye nokuphefumla, emva koko kufa. IHypothermia iza ngokuthe chu. Kuhlala kukho ukubanda, ulusu oluvuthayo, ukubona izinto ezingekhoyo, ukunqongophala kwengqondo, abafundi abaxineneyo, uxinzelelo lwegazi, ukudumba kwemiphunga kunye nokungcangcazela kuhlala kungekho.
Njengokuba ubushushu bomzimba wethu buyehla, isiphumo sokupholisa sikwanefuthe elibonakalayo kwiimvakalelo zethu. Abantu abane-hypothermia badideka kakhulu; bagqibela ngokuphuhlisa imibono. Ukucinga ngokungekho mthethweni kunye nokuziphatha luphawu oluqhelekileyo lokuqala lwehypothermia, kwaye njengexhoba lisondela ekufeni, banokuzibona ngathi banobushushu-kubangela ukuba basuse iimpahla zabo.
Mhlawumbi babulalana xa bethandana
Abanye abaphandi baqala ukuvavanya ithiyori yokuba ukusweleka sisiphumo sempikiswano phakathi kweqela eliphume esandleni, ngokunokwenzeka elinxulumene nokudibana kothando (bekukho imbali yokuthandana phakathi kwamalungu aliqela) anokuchaza ezinye ukunqongophala kweempahla. Kodwa abantu abalaziyo iqela le-ski bathi ubukhulu becala bayahambelana.
Babekhe bahlaselwa luloyiko olunye okanye ngaphezulu ngaphambi kokuba bafe
Ezinye iinkcazo zibandakanya ukuvavanywa kweziyobisi okubangelwe kukuziphatha gwenxa kwabahambi beenyawo kunye nesiganeko sezulu esingaqhelekanga esaziwa njenge i-infrasound, zibangelwa ziipatheni ezithile zomoya ezinokuthi zikhokelele kuhlaselo lobuphakuphaku ebantwini kuba amaza esandi asezantsi enza uhlobo lwengxolo, imeko enganyamezelekiyo ngaphakathi kwengqondo.
Babulawa ngabantu abanamandla angaphezu kwawemvelo
Abanye abantu baqala ukuveza abahlaseli abangabantu njengabaphembeleli beDyatlov Pass. Ngokutsho kwabo, abo babekhenketha babulawa yi-menk, uhlobo oluthile lwe-yeti yaseRussia, ukuphendula ngamandla amakhulu kunye namandla afunekayo okubangela ukwenzakala kwabahambi abathathu.
Imisebenzi yeParanormal kunye nezixhobo ezifihlakeleyo emva kokufa kwabo okungaqondakaliyo
Ingcaciso yezixhobo eyimfihlo iyathandwa kuba ngokuyinxenye ixhaswa bubungqina belinye iqela lentaba, enye inkampu yeekhilomitha ezingama-50 ukusuka kwiqela leDyatlov Pass ngobo busuku. Elinye iqela lithetha ngeeorbs ezingaqhelekanga zeorenji ezijikeleza esibhakabhakeni ngeKholat Syakhl. Ngelixa abanye bekwatolika lo msitho njengogqabhuko olukude.
U-Lev Ivanov, umphandi oyintloko weSigameko seDyatlov Pass, uthe, “Bendikrokrela ngelo xesha kwaye ndiqinisekile ngoku ukuba la macandelo aqaqambileyo ahamba ngokukhawuleza ayenonxibelelwano ngqo nokufa kweqela” xa wadliwanondlebe nephephandaba elincinci laseKazakh ngo-1990. Ukunyanzeliswa nokugcinwa kwemfihlo e-USSR kwamnyanzela ukuba awushiye lo mbuzo.
Babulawa yityhefu yemitha
Amanye ama-sleuth akhomba kwiingxelo zamanani amancinci e-radiation afunyenwe kweminye imizimba, ekhokelela kwiingcinga zasendle zokuba abo babekhe babulawa ngolunye uhlobo lwesixhobo semfihlo semoto emva kokukhubeka kuvavanyo lukarhulumente olufihlakeleyo. Abo bathanda le ngcamango bagxininisa kwinkangeleko engaqhelekanga yemizimba emingcwabeni yabo; Izidumbu zazine-orenji, isamente ebunileyo.
Kodwa ukuba imitha yeyona nto ibangele ukufa kwabo, ngaphezulu kwamanqanaba athobekileyo ngebebhalisile xa kuhlolwa imizimba. Imizimba ye-orenji yezidumbu ayothusi xa kunikwe imeko ebandayo apho bahlala khona iiveki. Ukuthi, babedlisiwe ngokuyinxenye kubanda.
Iingcamango zokugqibela
Ngeli xesha isigwebo yayikukuba onke amalungu eqela asweleke ngenxa yamandla endalo anyanzelisayo. Uphando lwapheliswa ngokusemthethweni ngoMeyi 1959 ngenxa yokungabikho kweqela elinetyala. Iifayile zathunyelwa kwindawo yogcino eyimfihlo, kwaye iikopi zetyala zafumaneka kuphela nge-1990s, nangona ezinye iinxalenye zazingekho. Okokugqibela, ngaphandle kwemizamo engamawaka kunye neminyaka engamashumi amathandathu yokuqikelela malunga nokufa okungummangaliso kwabakhweli beentaba zeSoviet abasithoba kwiiNtaba zaseUral zaseRussia ngo-1959, "isiganeko seDyatlov Pass" iseyeyona yezona mfihlakalo zinkulu zingasombululwanga kweli lizwe.
Ngoku, "Intlekele yeDyatlov Pass" iye yangumbandela weefilimu kunye neencwadi ezininzi ezalandelayo, ithathwa njengeyona imfihlakalo inkulu kule nkulungwane yama-20. “Intaba efileyo”, 'Intaba yabafileyo' kwaye "Ipasi likaMtyholi" kakhulu ezinye zazo.
