Ape e ncha ea mesaletsa ea khale e tsoang setšeng sa lilemo tse limilione tse 8.7 naheng ea Turkey e phephetsa mehopolo e amohetsoeng ka nako e telele ea tšimoloho ea motho le ho eketsa boima ho khopolo ea hore baholo-holo ba litšoene le batho ba Afrika ba bile teng Europe pele ba fallela Afrika pakeng tsa 9 le 7. lilemo tse limilione tse fetileng.
Tlhahlobo ea ape e sa tsoa tsejoa e bitsoang Anadoluvius turkae e fumanoeng sebakeng sa mesaletsa ea khale ea Çorakyerler haufi le Çankırı ka tšehetso ea Lekala la Setso le Bohahlauli Turkey, e bonts'a litšoene tsa khale tsa Mediterranean li fapane ebile ke karolo ea mahlaseli a pele a tsebahalang a li-hominines tsa pele - sehlopha. tse akarelletsang litšoene tsa Afrika (lichimpanzi, bonobos le likorilla), batho le baholo-holo ba bona ba mesaletsa ea lintho tsa khale.
Liphuputso li hlalositsoe thutong e hatisitsoeng kajeno ho Boitsebiso ba Biology e ngotsoe ke sehlopha sa machaba sa bafuputsi se etelletsoeng pele ke Moprofesa David Begun Univesithing ea Toronto (U of T) le Moprofesa Ayla Sevim Erol oa Univesithi ea Ankara.
"Liphuputso tsa rona li boetse li fana ka maikutlo a hore li-hominine ha lia ka tsa iphetola feela karolong e ka bophirimela le bohareng ba Europe empa li qetile lilemo tse fetang limilione tse hlano li ntse li fetoha moo 'me li hasana ho ea Mediterranean e ka bochabela pele li qetella li hasana Afrika, mohlomong ka lebaka la ho fetoha ha maemo le meru e ntseng e fokotseha," ho boletse Begun. moprofesa Lefapheng la Anthropology Lefapheng la Bonono le Saense U of T. “Litho tsa mahlaseli ana ao Anadoluvius a leng ho ’ona hona joale li tsejoa feela Europe le Anatolia.”
Qeto e ipapisitse le tlhahlobo ea bohlokoa e bolokiloe hantle karolo ea cranium e ile ea sibolloa sebakeng sa 2015, e kenyeletsang boholo ba sebopeho sa sefahleho le karolo e ka pele ea boko.
"Bophelo ba mesaletsa ea lintho tsa khale bo ile ba re lumella ho etsa tlhahlobo e pharaletseng le e qaqileng haholoanyane ka ho sebelisa litlhaku le litšoaneleho tse ngata tse ngotsoeng lenaneong le reretsoeng ho bala likamano tsa ho iphetola ha lintho," ho boletse Begun. "Sefahleho se phethehile, ka mor'a ho sebelisa litšoantšo tsa seipone. Karolo e ncha ke phatla, e nang le lesapo le bolokiloeng hoo e ka bang moqhaka oa cranium. Mesaletsa ea khale e neng e hlalositsoe ha e na boko bo bongata hakaalo.”
Bafuputsi ba re Anadoluvius e ne e lekana le chimpanzee e tona e kholo (50-60 kg) - e kholo haholo bakeng sa chimp mme e haufi le boholo ba korilla e tšehali (75-80 kg) - e ne e lula sebakeng se omeletseng sa moru, mohlomong o ile a qeta nako e ngata a le fatše.
"Ha re na masapo a maoto empa re ahlola ka mehlahare le meno, liphoofolo tse fumanehang haufi le eona, le matšoao a tikoloho, Anadoluvius mohlomong o ne a lula maemong a batlang a bulehile, ho fapana le meru ea litšoene tse kholo," ho boletse Sevim Erol. "Ho tšoana le seo re nahanang hore tikoloho ea batho ba pele ba Afrika e ne e le joalo. Mehlahare e matla le meno a maholo, a teteaneng a teteaneng a fana ka maikutlo a ho ja ho kopanyelletsa le lijo tse thata kapa tse thata tse tsoang mehloling ea lefatše e kang metso le li-rhizomes.”
Liphoofolo tse neng li phela le Anadoluvius ke tse atisang ho amahanngoa le makhulo a Afrika le meru e omeletseng kajeno, joalo ka lithuhlo, li-wart hogs, litšukulu, li-antelope tse fapaneng, liqoaha, litlou, linōkō, mafiritšoane le li-carnivore tse kang tau. Patlisiso e bontša hore tikoloho ea tikoloho le tikoloho e bonahala e hasane Afrika ho tloha bochabela ho Mediterranean nakoana kamora lilemo tse ka bang limilione tse 8 tse fetileng.
Sevim Erol o itse: "Ho theoa ha liphoofolo tsa sejoale-joale tse bulehileng naheng ea Afrika tse tsoang karolong e ka bochabela ea Mediterranean ho tsejoe, 'me joale re ka eketsa lenaneng la ba kenang, baholo-holo ba litšoene le batho ba Afrika," ho boletse Sevim Erol.
Liphuputso li theha Anadoluvius turkae e le lekala la karolo ea sefate sa ho iphetola ha lintho e ileng ea hlahisa lichimpanzi, bonobos, likorilla le batho. Le hoja litšoene tsa Afrika kajeno li tsejoa feela ho tsoa Afrika, joalo ka batho ba khale ka ho fetisisa ba tsejoang, bangoli ba thuto - ba kenyelletsang basebetsi-'moho le bona ba Ege University le Pamukkale University Turkey le Naturalis Biodiversity Center e The Netherlands - ba etsa qeto ea hore baholo-holo ba bobeli ba bona ba tsoa ho bona. Europe le bochabela Mediterranean.
Anadoluvius le litšoene tse ling tsa mesaletsa ea lintho tsa khale tse tsoang Greece (Ouranopithecus) le Bulgaria (Graecopithecus) li theha sehlopha se atamelang haufi-ufi ka lintlha tse ngata tsa anatomy le ecology ho li-hominin tsa khale tse tsejoang, kapa batho. Mesaletsa e mecha ke mehlala e bolokiloeng hantle ka ho fetisisa ea sehlopha sena sa li-hominine tsa pele 'me li fana ka bopaki bo matla ka ho fetisisa ho fihlela joale hore sehlopha se simolohile Europe' me hamorao sa hasana Afrika.
Tshekatsheko e felletseng ya phuputso e boetse e senola hore ditshwene tsa Balkan le Anatolia di bile teng ho badimo ba Europe bophirima le bohareng. Ka lintlha tsa eona tse felletseng, lipatlisiso li fana ka bopaki ba hore litšoene tsena tse ling le tsona e ne e le li-hominine, ho bolelang hore ho ka etsahala hore sehlopha sohle se iphetole se bile se fapane Europe, ho fapana le boemo bo bong boo ho bona makala a arohaneng a ileng a fallela Europe ka boikemelo. ho tloha Afrika nakong ea lilemo tse limilione tse 'maloa,' me ea nyamela ntle le taba.
"Ha ho na bopaki ba sena, leha e ntse e le tlhahiso e ratoang har'a ba sa amoheleng khopolo-taba ea Europe," ho boletse Begun. “Liphuputso tsena li fapane le pono eo e leng khale e le teng ea hore litšoene le batho ba Afrika li bile teng ka ho iphetola ha lintho Afrika feela. Le hoja mesaletsa ea li-hominine tsa pele e le ngata Europe le Anatolia, ha e eo ka ho feletseng Afrika ho fihlela ha hominin ea pele e hlaha moo lilemong tse ka bang limilione tse supileng tse fetileng.”
“Bopaki bona bo bocha bo tšehetsa khopolo-taba ea hore li-hominine li simolohile Europe ’me tsa hasana Afrika hammoho le liphoofolo tse ling tse ngata tse anyesang lilemong tse pakeng tsa limilione tse robong le tse supileng tse fetileng, le hoja e sa paka seo ka ho hlaka. Bakeng sa seo, re hloka ho fumana mesaletsa ea lintho tsa khale tse tsoang Europe le Afrika pakeng tsa lilemo tse limilione tse robeli le tse supileng ho theha kamano e tiileng pakeng tsa lihlopha tsena tse peli.”
Thuto e ile ea hatisoa qalong koranteng Boitsebiso ba Biology ka August 23, 2023.
