Li-Neanderthals li thehile litšoantšo tsa khale ka ho fetisisa tsa 'mabomo' tsa Europe ho fihlela lilemong tse 75,000 tse fetileng, lipatlisiso li fana ka maikutlo.

Ho latela liphuputso tsa phuputso ea morao tjena, ho ka etsahala hore ebe litšoantšo tsa khale ka ho fetisisa Europe li ne li betliloeng ke batho ba Neanderthal lehaheng le leng Fora lilemong tse ka bang 75,000 XNUMX tse fetileng.

Ha re nahana ka litšoantšo tsa boholo-holo, hangata re nahana ka litšoantšo tse takiloeng mahaheng tse ’nileng tsa sibolloa lefatšeng ka bophara. Leha ho le joalo, tšibollo e ncha e bontša hore Neanderthal, e leng mefuta e fapaneng le ea batho ba mehleng ea kajeno, e ka ’na eaba ke eona e ikarabellang bakeng sa ho etsa litšoantšo tse betliloeng tsa khale ka ho fetisisa tsa Europe.

Li-Neanderthals li thehile litšoantšo tsa khale ka ho fetisisa tsa 'mabomo' tsa Europe ho fihlela lilemong tse 75,000 tse fetileng, lipatlisiso li fana ka maikutlo a 1.
Babatlisisi ba boithuto, Trine Freiesleben le Jean-Claude Marquet ba buisana ka dikgatiso tsa menwana le moo ba ka nkang disampole tsa optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) hore ba tsebe ho etsa mosebetsi wa botaki. © Kristina Thomsen; (CC-BY 4.0) / Tšebeliso e Ntle

Litšoantšo tsena tse betliloeng li ile tsa fumanoa ka lehaheng le neng le koetsoe ka lilemo tse mashome a likete 'me e ka ba tsa morao-rao lilemong tse 75,000.

Ho ea ka phuputso e hatisitsoeng ka June 21 koranteng PLOS One, bafuputsi ba ile ba hlahloba letoto la matšoao ao e seng a tšoantšetso ao ho lumeloang hore a bōpiloe ke menoana ea batho ba mehleng ea khale ka har'a lehaha la La Roche-Cotard, le lik'hilomithara tse 150 (lik'hilomithara tse 240) ka boroa-bophirimela ho Paris.

Ho fihlela qetellong ea lekholo la bo19 la lilemo, mashala a ne a bolokile lehaha le koetsoe. Lisebelisoa tse ngata tsa majoe tse fumanoeng nakong ea ho cheka ha morao tjena sebakeng sena li le ka mokhoa oa Neanderthals, e leng se bontšang hore ke bona ba entseng litšoantšo.

Litšoantšo tsa lipere, litau, le likhatiso tsa letsoho li sebeletsa e le mehlala e tsebahalang ea setso sa Upper Paleolithic se qalileng lilemong tse 35,000 XNUMX tsa litšoantšo tsa boholo-holo tsa tšoantšetso, ho kopanyelletsa le litšoantšo tsa leboteng, tse tsoang libakeng tsa Europe.

Bafuputsi ba sa tsoa fumana mehlala ea khale ea lintho tse sa sebeliseng lisebelisoa le bonono Europe le likarolong tse ling tsa lefats'e, tse kang lesapo le ngotsoeng ka chevron ea lilemo tse 51,000 Jeremane e entsoeng ke Neanderthals. Leha ho le joalo, Homo sapiens e tlotloa ka setšoantšo sa lilemo tse 45,500 sa kolobe e senyehileng naheng ea Indonesia le setšoantšo sa hashtag sa lilemo tse 73,000 Afrika Boroa. Ka lilemo tse mashome, bafuputsi ba ne ba lumela hore lintho tsena tse bōpiloeng e ne e le matšoao a boitšoaro ba kajeno ba batho.

Lehaheng la La Roche-Cotard, bafuputsi ba ile ba fumana liphanele tse robeli tse nang le mesaletsa e fetang 400 ea mela le matheba a sa bonahaleng. Bafuputsi ba bitsa mesaletsa ena "metsoako" hobane e emela ho tlosoa ka boomo ha thepa e etsoang ka sesebelisoa kapa monoana. Ba ile ba ngola phuputsong ea bona: “Ho tlosoa hona ha lintho ha hoa iketsahalla ka phoso kapa hona ho thusa, empa ke “ka boomo le ka hloko.”

Li-Neanderthals li thehile litšoantšo tsa khale ka ho fetisisa tsa 'mabomo' tsa Europe ho fihlela lilemong tse 75,000 tse fetileng, lipatlisiso li fana ka maikutlo a 2.
Mehlala ea litšoantšo tse betliloeng tse fumanoeng lehaheng la Roche-Cotard (Indre et Loire - France). Ka ho le letšehali, "phanele e chitja" (li-tracings tsa sebopeho sa ogive) 'me ka ho le letona ho na le "wavy panel" (li-tracing tse peli tse kopaneng tse etsang mela ea sinuous). © Jean-Claude Marquet; (CC-BY 4.0) / Tšebeliso e Ntle

Bafuputsi ba ile ba theha teko lehaheng le tšoanang moo motho a le mong a ileng a etsa matšoao leboteng la majoe a sebelisa menoana ea hae, lesapo, lehong, manaka, lejoe le thata le lintlha tsa tšepe. Sena se ne se etsoa ho fumana hore na litšoantšo tse betliloeng li entsoe joang. Joale, motho e mong o ile a nka litšoantšo tsa matšoao ao ’me a bapisa matšoao a liteko le a khale a sebelisa theknoloji ea photogrammetry, e leng mokhoa o hahang mefuta ea sebele ea 3D ho tsoa litšoantšong tse makholo.

Bo-rasaense ba ile ba fihlela qeto ea hore matšoao a menoana a liteko a tšoana le litšoantšo tsa khale ka ho fetisisa.

Ho sibolloa ha Neanderthals ho entse litšoantšo ka menoana ea bona, joalo ka ha bafuputsi ba entse, ho ile ha tšehetsoa hape ke taba ea hore lisebelisoa tse ngata tsa majoe tse fumanoeng ka lehaheng li ne li se na kamano e hlakileng le mengolo. Basebetsi ba ile ba etsa qeto ea hore boholo ba matšoao leboteng la lehaha ke mela e tsejoang e le "menoana ea menoana," e entsoeng ha motho e mong a betsa menoana ea hae e bataletse leboteng le koahetsoeng ke silt.

ha ba qetela ho kopana le letsatsi. Ho latela lipatlisiso, lehaha le ile la koaloa bonyane lilemo tse 57,000 tse fetileng mme mohlomong le 75,000.

Matsatsi ana a pele a bolela hore "ha ho bonolo haholo" hore batho ba mehleng ea kajeno ba khone ho kena ka har'a lehaha, bafuputsi ba ngotse thutong ea bona, joalo ka ha bopaki ba hajoale bo bontša hore ba ne ba le sieo Fora ho fihlela bonyane lilemo tse 54,000 tse fetileng, athe Neandertals e ile ea hlaha moo. lilemo tse ka bang 330,000 tse fetileng. Ba ile ba ngola ba re: "Re etsa qeto ea hore litšoantšo tsa LRC ke mehlala e hlakileng ea moralo oa Neanderthal."

“Phuputso ena e bohlokoa hobane e atolosa khale-holo ea ho lateloa ha menoana [ea menoana], ’me, ka lekhetlo la pele, e li amahanya le mefuta e meng ea li-hominine ntle le Homo sapiens,” ho latela April Nowell, moepolli oa lintho tsa khale oa khale Univesithing ea Victoria, Canada. ya neng a sa kenelle thutong ena.

Empa bohlokoa ba litšoantšo tsena bo ntse bo sa hlaka. Bafuputsi ba ile ba ngola: "Le hoja menoana ea La Roche-Cotard e ikemiselitse ka ho hlaka, ha ho khonehe hore re tsebe hore na e emela menahano ea tšoantšetso."

Nowell o ile a lumela hore “masala ana ha aa lokela ho ba a tšoantšetso joaloka ha motho a latela menoana ea hae lehlabatheng le lebōpong la leoatle.” Leha ho le joalo, litšoantšo tse betliloeng ke tlhahisoleseding e ncha ea bohlokoa mabapi le boitšoaro ba beng ka rona ba Neanderthal, bao setso sa bona se neng se rarahane ebile se fapane ho feta kamoo se neng se nahanoa kateng pele.


Thuto e ile ea hatisoa qalong koranteng PLOS One ka June 21.