Mesaletsa ea lintho tsa khale ea lilemo tse limilione tse 407 e phephetsa khopolo eo e leng khale e le teng mabapi le li-spirals tsa Fibonacci tse fumanoang tlhahong.

Ke khale bo-rasaense ba lumela hore li-spirals tsa Fibonacci ke ntho ea khale le e baballetsoeng haholo limeleng. Empa, thuto e ncha e qholotsa tumelo ena.

Ho ba teng ha limela ho ka saloa morao lilemong tse ka bang limilione tse 470 tse fetileng. Li iponahatsa ka mekhoa e mengata, e kang tsela eo makhasi a tsona a hlophisitsoeng ka eona, tsela eo makala a tsona a hōlang ka eona le ho leka-lekana ha lipalesa tsa tsona. Leha ho le joalo, mokhoa o mong o tsietsa bo-rasaense ka ho khetheha.

Mesaletsa ea lintho tsa khale ea lilemo tse limilione tse 407 e phephetsa khopolo eo e leng khale e tšoaretsoe ka li-spirals tsa Fibonacci tse fumanoang tlhahong 1
Setšoantšo sa moru oa pele ho histori. © bennymarty / Adobe Stock

Li-spirals tse tsejoang ka hore ke Fibonacci spirals ke mohlala o ikhethang o bonoang khafetsa tlhahong, haholo limeleng. Mokhoa ona o ile oa rehelloa ka Leonardo Fibonacci, setsebi sa lipalo sa Motaliana se ileng sa hlahisa tatelano ea Fibonacci lekholong la bo13 la lilemo.

Ka nako e telele, bo-rasaense ba 'nile ba lumela hore li-spiral tsa Fibonacci ke tšobotsi ea khale le e bolokiloeng haholo limeleng. Leha ho le joalo, phuputso ea morao tjena e hatisitsoeng koranteng Science e hanana le mohopolo ona oo e leng khale o le teng.

Liphuputso li bontša hore ho hlophisoa ha makhasi hore e be li-spirals tse ikhethang, tse tloaelehileng tlhahong kajeno, li ne li sa tloaeleha limeleng tsa khale ka ho fetisisa tsa mobu tse qalileng ho aha holim'a Lefatše.

Ho e-na le hoo, ho ile ha fumanoa hore limela tsa boholo-holo li na le mofuta o mong oa li-spiral. Sena se hanana le khopolo eo e leng khale e le teng mabapi le ho iphetola ha lintho tsa makhasi a limela, e leng se bontšang hore li bile teng ka litsela tse peli tse fapaneng tsa ho iphetola ha lintho.

Mesaletsa ea lintho tsa khale ea lilemo tse limilione tse 407 e phephetsa khopolo eo e leng khale e tšoaretsoe ka li-spirals tsa Fibonacci tse fumanoang tlhahong 2
Li-spirals tsena tsa geometri li fumaneha tlhahong. Hang ha u toroea e le 'ngoe, u tla e bona hohle. © Wikimedia Commons

Ebang ke leholiotsoana le leholohali la leholiotsoana kapa li-spiral tse rarahaneng tsa DNA double-helix, spirals di tlwaelehile tlhahong mme boholo ba tsona bo ka hlalosoa ke letoto le tummeng la lipalo la tatellano ea Fibonacci; e etsang motheo wa mefuta e mengata ya tlhaho e sebetsang hantle le e makatsang.

Li-spiral li tloaelehile limeleng, 'me li-spirals tsa Fibonacci li etsa karolo e fetang 90% ea li-spirals. Lihlooho tsa soneblomo, liphaenapole, liphaenapole le limela tsa ka tlung tse nang le lero le monate kaofela li kenyelletsa li-spiral tsena tse ikhethang mahlakung a tsona a lipalesa, makhasi kapa peō.

Ke hobane’ng ha li-spirals tsa Fibonacci, tse tsejoang hape e le lekunutu la tlhaho, li atile hakaale limeleng e ’nile ea tsietsa bo-rasaense ka lilemo tse makholo, empa tšimoloho ea tsona ea ho iphetola ha lintho e ’nile ea hlokomolohuoa haholo.

Ho ipapisitsoe le ho ajoa ha tsona ho atileng, ke khale ho nahanoa hore li-spirals tsa Fibonacci e ne e le ntho ea khale e ileng ea iphetola limeleng tsa pele tsa naha mme ea bolokoa haholo limela.

Hona joale, sehlopha sa machaba se etelletsoeng pele ke Univesithi ea Edinburgh ho akarelletsa le University College Cork (UCC) Holly-Anne Turner le bafuputsi ba Univesithi ea Münster, Jeremane, le Northern Rogue Studios, UK, ba kentse khopolo ena ka ho sibolloa ha li-spirals tse seng tsa Fibonacci ho. mesaletsa ea khale ea semela ea lilemo tse limilione tse 407.

Mesaletsa ea lintho tsa khale ea lilemo tse limilione tse 407 e phephetsa khopolo eo e leng khale e tšoaretsoe ka li-spirals tsa Fibonacci tse fumanoang tlhahong 3
Setšoantšo sa 3D sa mesaletsa ea khale ea semela se lilemo li 407 se fetotse monahano oa ho fetoha ha makhasi. Patlisiso e boetse e lebisitse ho leseli le lecha mabapi le lipaterone tse makatsang tse fumanoang limeleng. Setšoantšo se amohelehang: Matt Humpage, Northern Rogue Studios / Tšebeliso e Ntle

"clubmoss Asteroxylon mackiei ke e 'ngoe ea mehlala ea khale ea semela se nang le makhasi tlalehong ea mesaletsa ea lintho tsa khale. Ka ho sebelisa lintlafatso tsena, re khonne ho latela li-spiral tsa makhasi ho potoloha kutu ea limela tsena tsa mesaletsa ea khale ea lilemo tse limilione tse 407. Tlhahlobo ea rona ea tlhophiso ea makhasi ho Asteroxylon e bontša hore li-clubmosses tsa pele haholo li ile tsa hlahisa mekhoa e sa tšoaneng ea Fibonacci ”ho boletse Holly-Anne Turner.

Ba sebelisa mekhoa ea kaho ea dijithale bafuputsi ba hlahisitse mefuta ea pele ea 3D ea letlobo la makhasi ka har'a fossil clubmoss Asteroxylon mackiei - setho sa sehlopha sa pele sa limela tse makhasi.

Mesaletsa ea lintho tsa khale e bolokiloeng ka mokhoa o ikhethang e fumanoe sebakeng se tummeng sa mesaletsa ea khale ea Rhynie chert, sebaka sa Scotland se nang le sedimentary haufi le motse oa Aberdeenshire oa Rhynie.

Sebaka sena se na le bopaki ba tse ling tsa lihloliloeng tsa khale ka ho fetisisa tsa polanete - ha limela tsa mobu li qala ho fetoha 'me butle-butle li qala ho koahela bokaholimo ba majoe a Lefatše ho etsa hore batho ba khone ho phela.

Liphuputso li senotse hore makhasi le likarolo tsa ho ikatisa ho Asteroxylon mackiei, hangata li ne li hlophisoa ka li-spirals tse seng tsa Fibonacci tse sa tloaelehang limela kajeno.

Sena se fetola kutloisiso ea bo-ramahlale ka li-spirals tsa Fibonacci limela tsa mobu. E bontša hore li-spirals tseo e seng tsa Fibonacci li ne li tloaelehile li- clubmosses tsa boholo-holo le hore ho fetoha ha makhasi a spiral ho ile ha aroha ka litsela tse peli tse arohaneng.

Makhasi a li-clubmosses tsa khale a ne a e-na le histori e fapaneng ka ho feletseng ea ho iphetola ha lintho ho tloha ho lihlopha tse ling tse kholo tsa limela kajeno tse kang ferns, conifers le limela tse thunyang.

Sehlopha se thehile moetso oa 3D oa Asteroxylon mackiei, o seng o felile ka lilemo tse fetang limilione tse 400, ka ho sebetsa le sebini sa dijithale Matt Humpage, se sebelisa phetolelo ea dijithale le khatiso ea 3D.


Thuto e ile ea hatisoa qalong koranteng Science ka June 2023.