Toumaï ke lebitso le fuoeng moemeli oa pele oa mesaletsa ea lintho tsa khale sahelanthropus tchadensis mefuta, eo lehata la eona le felletseng le ileng la fumanoa Chad, Afrika Bohareng, ka 2001. E ngotsoe lilemo tse ka bang limilione tse 7 tse fetileng, ho lumeloa hore Toumaï ke hominid ea khale ka ho fetisisa e tsejoang ho fihlela joale.
Tlhaloso ea Toumaï
Ka 2001, bafuputsi ba ile ba sibolla ntho e sa tloaelehang tikolohong ea lehoatata la Chad Leboea: pokello ea masapo le likhechana tsa masapo tse lutseng pela lehata. Bafuputsi ba re lehata ke "Toumaï," e bolelang "tšepo ea bophelo" ka puo ea Toubous, kapa Goranes, baahi ba bo-hloma-u-hlomole ba lulang Chad.
Likarolo tsa lehata e ne e le bophahamo ba khale le bo bocha, boko bo boholo ba chimp empa bo na le meno a manyane a canine - hangata li nyane ho hominin ho fapana le lichimps, beng ka rona ba haufi.
E ne e le lilemo tsa mesaletsa ea lintho tsa khale tse neng li tšosa le ho feta. Toumaï o pakeng tsa lilemo tse limilione tse 6 le tse 7. Ka nako eo, litsebi tsa paleoanthropologists li ne li lumela hore moholo-holo oa rona oa ho qetela eo re mo arolelanang le lichimpisi o ne a le monyane lilemong tse milione. Toumaï o khothalelitse hore karohano ea meloko ea rona e etsahetse pejana ho monahano.
E ngotsoe lilemo tse ka bang limilione tse 7 tse fetileng, Toumaï ho lumeloa hore ke hominid ea khale ka ho fetisisa e tsejoang ho fihlela joale. Haufinyane e tla etella pele phapang lipakeng tsa lichimpanzi le mohala oa motho. Ho boleloa hore ke e tona e boima ba 35kg le boima ba mithara e le 'ngoe, ea neng a ka lula morung o haufi le moo metsi a leng teng, joalo ka ha ho hlahisitsoe ke mesaletsa ea litlhapi, likoena le litšoene tse fumanoeng pela hae.
Hominid Vs Hominin
Ho khetholla - sehlopha se nang le Litšoene tse kholo tsa sejoale-joale le tse seng li timetse (ke hore, batho ba sejoale-joale, lichimpanzi, likorilla le li-orang-utan hammoho le baholo-holo ba bona).
Tšoaea - sehlopha se nang le batho ba sejoale-joale, mefuta ea batho e felileng le baholo-holo ba rona bohle ba haufi (ho kenyeletsoa litho tsa genera Homo, Australopithecus, Paranthropus le Ardipithecus).
Toumaï Le Khopolo ea "Pale ea Bochabela" Pale
Ho sibolloa ha Toumaï lehoatateng la Djurab naheng ea Chad, e ka bang likilomitara tse 2,500 XNUMX ka bophirima ho Great East African Rift Valley, e reneketsoang ka lebitso la "Cradle of Humankind", ho tlisa khoao khopolong ea "East Side Story". E hlahisitsoe ke setsebi sa paleoanthropologist Yves Coppens, khopolo-taba ena e re baholo-holo ba homo sapiens ba ka be ba hlahile Afrika Bochabela kamora liphetoho tsa jioloji le maemo a leholimo.
Bafuputsi ba Khothaletsa Toumaï E kanna ea ba Tšoene ea Bipedal!
Bakeng sa litsebi tse ling tsa thuto ea batho, Toumaï e ne e ka ba ea tšoaroang ke bipedal mme e ne e tla ba e mong oa baholo-holo ba pele ba moloko oa batho. Bipedal primate e bolela hore Toumaï a kanna a tsamaea ka maoto a mabeli. Leha ho le joalo, hobane ha ho masapo kapa likhechana tsa masapo tse ka tlase ho lehata (masalla a postcranial) tse fumanoeng, ha ho tsejoe ka ho hlaka hore na Toumaï e ne e hlile e na le bipedal, leha litletlebo tsa foramen magnum e behiloeng ka pele e fana ka maikutlo a hore ho kanna ha ba joalo mme Toumaï e ne e hlile e le joalo e mong oa rona.
Foramen magnum ke lesoba botlaaseng ba lehata moo mokokotlo o tsoang teng. Sekhutlo sa monyako se ka senola haeba mokokotlo o otlolletse kamora lehata, joalo ka ha o etsa liphoofolo tse maoto a mane, kapa o oele fatše, joalo ka ha o etsa bakeng sa li-hominin tsa bipedal. Bakeng sa litsebi tse ling, ho fapana le hoo, e ka ba tšoene eseng hominin ho hang. Empa, na ho joalo?
