Zomwe zimakonda kusinthasintha mkati mwa nyanja, nkhono zakuda kwambiri zachititsa chidwi akatswiri ofufuza pamene zikuwoneka kuti zikusintha kuti agwiritse ntchito njira yobisala. Ndi michira yawo yowala, nkhonozi zimakokera nyamazo pafupi zisanazidye ndi nsagwada zawo zochititsa mantha.
Kuwunika kwa mitundu ya Anguilloidei (kuphatikiza nsonga zamadzi amchere, nkhono za spaghetti ndi nsagwada zowoneka bwino) zawonetsa kuti mtundu wakuda udayamba paokha kangapo. Zitsanzo za izi zikuphatikizapo makolo a pelican eel (Eurypharynx pelecanoides), nkhono zomeza, nkhono zotchedwa bobtail eel, ntchentche zotchedwa snipe eel, ndi nsonga za sawtooth.
Zotsatira za kafukufuku waposachedwapa zasindikizidwa m'magaziniyi Environmental Biology ya Nsomba pa Julayi 11, 2020, ndikumvetsetsa bwino zamakhalidwe a zolengedwa zam'nyanja zakuya, zomwe zambiri sizinaphunziridwebe mozama.
Ngakhale kuti nyanja yakuya ndi malo aakulu kwambiri padziko lapansi, sitikumvetsabe pang'ono za izo, malinga ndi Mike Ghedotti, pulofesa wa zamoyo zam'madzi ndi ichthyology pa yunivesite ya Regis ku Denver. Iye ananenanso kuti kufufuza m’nyanja yakuya n’kokwera mtengo kwambiri ndipo sikuchitika kawirikawiri monga kufufuza nyanja yozama.
Mbalame yotchedwa bathypelagic, kapena deep-sea, eel, nthawi zambiri imakhala ndikusaka mkati mwa nyanja ya "Midnight Zone," pakati pa mamita 3,300-13,100 (mamita 1,000-4,000) kumene kuwala kwa dzuwa sikungalowemo. Mdima wamuyaya umenewu wasokoneza matupi a nsunguzo m’njira zodabwitsa, ndipo pakamwa pa nsonga ya mbozi ndi chitsanzo chabwino kwambiri cha kutambasula mphamvu zake zosayerekezeka ndi zamoyo zina zilizonse. Kufufuza ntchito za zolengedwa zimenezi mozama chonchi kwakhala kovuta kwambiri.
Pofuna kufotokoza khalidwe losamvetsetseka la eels yakuya, ofufuzawo adayang'anitsitsa khungu lamtundu wapelican eel pansi pa microscope. Ataunika, asayansiwo adawona mtundu wachilendo wa jet-black pigmentation womwe unafalikira pa matupi a zamoyozo.
Kufufuza kwa mitundu ina ya nkhono kunasonyeza kuti mitundu ina ya mbalame yotchedwa swallower eels ndi bobtail snipe eels inali ndi mtundu wakuda kwambiri ngati nkhono za pelicans eel, pamene nkhono za m’madzi akuzama, monga nkhono zotchedwa snipe eels ndi ma sawtooth eels, zomwe zimakhala m’madzi osaya zinachepa pang’ono. za pigment iyi.
Posachedwapa, kwa nthawi yoyamba, nsonga yapelican inajambulidwa pa kamera ndi chakudya m'mimba mwake. Ngakhale zilibe luso losambira, zikuganiziridwa kuti zamoyozi zimagwiritsa ntchito michira yawo ya bioluminescent ngati nyambo yopha nsomba pofuna kukopa crustaceans kapena squid, zomwe zimadya.
Mitundu yakuda ya adanizi imawathandiza kugwiritsa ntchito bioluminescence kuti apindule, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti nsonga za mchira za pelican eels ndi swallower ziwoneke ngati zonyezimira, zokopa mumdima. Mbalame yotchedwa pelican eel ikakokera nyama yake pafupi, pakamwa pake imatha kufutukuka kasanu ndipo imameza chandamale chake ndi kumeza kamodzi.
Ghedotti ananena kuti m'pofunika kukopa nyama ndi kuwala kuti nyama isazindikire kukhalapo kwa nyama yolusayo kuposa nyamboyo. Kuonjezera apo, pali njira zosiyanasiyana zomwe bioluminescence imagwiritsidwira ntchito pakati pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nsomba kupatula kuigwiritsa ntchito kukopa nyama, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhala zopindulitsa ngati luminescence yanu sikuwonetsa kukhalapo kwa mbali zina za nsomba. thupi lanu.
Phunzirolo lidasindikizidwa koyamba m'magazini Environmental Biology ya Nsomba pa July 18, 2023.
