Zinsinsi za "Solar Boat" zakale zidafukulidwa pa piramidi ya Khufu

Zoposa 1,200 zidasonkhanitsidwa ndi dipatimenti ya Egypt of Antiquities kuti ikonzenso sitimayo.

Mu mthunzi wa Piramidi Yaikulu ya Giza inayima piramidi ina, yomwe inali yaying'ono kwambiri kuposa mnansi wake ndipo yatayika kale ku mbiri yakale. Piramidi yoyiwalika imeneyi inapezedwanso, yobisika pansi pa mchenga ndi zinyalala zaka mazana ambiri. Zobisika pansi pa nthaka, m’chipinda chimene poyamba chinali mbali ya piramidi, akatswiri ofukula zinthu zakale anapeza ngalawa yakale yopangidwa pafupifupi ndi matabwa a mkungudza. Malinga ndi chikhalidwe komanso mbiri yakale, akatswiri amachitcha kuti “Boti la Dzuwa” chifukwa amakhulupirira kuti likanagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chombo paulendo womaliza wa Farao wopita ku moyo wapambuyo pa imfa.

Sitima yapamadzi yotchedwa Khufu First Solar (ya m'zaka za m'ma 2,566 BC), Malo opezeka: Kumwera kwa piramidi ya Khufu, Giza; mu 1954 ndi Kamal el-Mallakh.
"Boti la dzuwa" lomangidwanso la Khufu © Wikimedia Commons

Zombo zingapo zazikulu zokulirapo zidakwiriridwa pafupi ndi mapiramidi akale aku Egypt kapena akachisi pamalo ambiri. Mbiri ndi ntchito ya zombo sizidziwika bwino. Iwo akhoza kukhala amtundu wotchedwa "Solar Barge", chotengera chamwambo chonyamula mfumu youkitsidwayo ndi mulungu wa dzuwa Ra kudutsa kumwamba. Komabe, zombo zina zimakhala ndi zizindikiro zogwiritsidwa ntchito m’madzi, ndipo n’kutheka kuti zombozi zinali zombo zamaliro. Pali malingaliro ambiri ochititsa chidwi kumbuyo kwa zombo zakalezi ngakhale.

Boti la dzuwa la Kheops. Mkhalidwe ukapezeka.
Sitima yapamadzi yotchedwa Khufu First Solar (ya m'ma 2,566 BC) itapezeka. Malo opezeka: Kumwera kwa piramidi ya Khufu, Giza; mu 1954 ndi Kamal el-Mallakh. © Wikimedia Commons

Sitima yapamadzi ya Khufu ndi chotengera chakukula kwathunthu kuchokera ku Egypt wakale chomwe chidasindikizidwa mu dzenje mu piramidi ya Giza kumunsi kwa Piramidi Yaikulu ya Giza cha m'ma 2500 BC. Sitimayo tsopano ikusungidwa ku nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale.

Ntchito yovuta yosonkhanitsanso zidutswa za 1,200 idayang'aniridwa ndi Haj Ahmed Youssef, wobwezeretsa kuchokera ku dipatimenti ya ku Egypt ya Antiquities, yemwe adaphunzira zitsanzo zopezeka m'manda akale komanso kuyendera malo osungiramo zombo zamakono m'mphepete mwa Nile. Zaka zoposa khumi pambuyo pake chitulukira mu 1954, chombo chopangidwa mwaluso, chotalika mamita 143 m’litali ndi mamita 19.6 m’lifupi (44.6m, 6m), chinabwezeretsedwa popanda kugwiritsira ntchito msomali umodzi. © Harvard University
Ntchito yovuta yosonkhanitsanso zidutswa za 1,200 idayang'aniridwa ndi Haj Ahmed Youssef, wobwezeretsa kuchokera ku dipatimenti ya ku Egypt ya Antiquities, yemwe adaphunzira zitsanzo zopezeka m'manda akale komanso kuyendera malo osungiramo zombo zamakono m'mphepete mwa Nile. Zaka zoposa khumi pambuyo pake chitulukira mu 1954, chombo chopangidwa mwaluso, chotalika mamita 143 m’litali ndi mamita 19.6 m’lifupi (44.6m, 6m), chinabwezeretsedwa popanda kugwiritsira ntchito msomali umodzi. © University of Harvard

Ndi imodzi mwa zombo zotetezedwa bwino zomwe zapulumuka kuyambira kalekale. Sitimayo idawonetsedwa ku Giza Solar boat museum, yomwe ili pafupi ndi Pyramid ya Giza, mpaka idasamutsidwa kupita ku Grand Egypt Museum mu Ogasiti 2021. pafupi ndi Piramidi Yaikulu ya Giza.

Chopangidwa ndi mtengo wa mkungudza wa Lebanoni, chombo chochititsa chidwi chinapangidwira Khufu, Farao wachiwiri wa mzera wachinayi. Wodziwika m'dziko lachi Greek kuti Cheops, amadziwika pang'ono ndi farao uyu, kupatula kuti adalamula kumanga Piramidi Yaikulu ya Giza, imodzi mwa zodabwitsa zisanu ndi ziwiri zapadziko lapansi. Analamulira Ufumu Wakale wa Aigupto zaka 4,500 zapitazo.

Chingwe choyambirira chopezeka ndi sitima ya Khufu
Chingwe choyambirira chopezeka ndi sitima ya Khufu. © Wikimedia Commons

Chombocho chinali chimodzi mwa ziwiri zomwe zinapezedwa paulendo wofukula mabwinja kuchokera ku 1954 woyendetsedwa ndi ofukula wa ku Egypt Kamal el-Mallakh. Zombozo zidayikidwa m'dzenje pansi pa Phiramidi Yaikulu ya Giza nthawi ina cha m'ma 2,500 BC.

Akatswiri ambiri amakhulupirira kuti chombocho chinapangidwira Farao Khufu. Ena amati chombocho chidagwiritsidwa ntchito kunyamula thupi la farao kupita kumalo ake omaliza. Ena amaganiza kuti chinaikidwa pamalowo kuti chithandizire kunyamula moyo wake kupita kumwamba, mofanana ndi “Atet,” ngalawa imene inanyamula Ra, mulungu wa dzuŵa wa Aigupto kudutsa mlengalenga.

Pamene ena amalingalira kuti chombocho chili ndi chinsinsi cha zomangamanga za Pyramids. Kutsatira mkangano uwu, sitimayo ya asymmetrical idapangidwa kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito ngati crane yoyandama yomwe imatha kukweza miyala yayikulu. Kung'ambika ndi kung'ambika pamtengo kumasonyeza kuti bwatolo linali ndi zambiri kuposa cholinga chophiphiritsira; ndipo chinsinsicho chikadali chotsutsana.