Pa Okutobala 27, 1966, ku Regional Museum of Ica kunapezeka chinthu chopangidwa mosiyanasiyana komanso chowoneka bwino chomwe sichinawonekepo. Inali mbale yaikulu ya nkhokwe, ndipo inali mphika waukulu kwambiri wa anthu a ku Spain umene unapezekapo ku Peru panthawiyo.
Chotengera chadongo chowotchacho chinali ndi mainchesi a 2 mita, kutalika kwa 2.8 metres, ndi magawo 5 cm pamakoma ndi 12 cm pansi.
Akatswiri ofukula zinthu zakale anapeza njere za nyemba, Pallares, yucca, lucuma, ndi magwava mkati ndi pansanjika zosiyanasiyana. Chifukwa chakuti m’derali mulibe zotsalira za chitofu, akatswiri ofukula zinthu zakale amaganiza kuti mtsuko waukuluwo unasamutsidwa kuchoka kumalo ena kupita kumene unafukulidwa kalekale, pafupifupi zaka 2,400 zapitazo.
Mtsuko waukulu wadongo unafukulidwa m’dera la Paracas ku Peru, m’chigwa cha Pisco. Kupezeka kwake kudadzetsa nkhawa zingapo chifukwa ndi yapadera, yokhalitsa, komanso yodabwitsa kwambiri. Komabe, palibe zambiri zokhudza mtsuko waukulu wadongo kapena zinthu zina zofananira nazo zimene zadziwika, zomwe zachititsa kuti tiganizire mozama ngati zinapezeka m’derali.
Paracas, Ica, Nazca
Mutu wapitawu uli ndi mayina atatu omwe akuyenera kugunda belu ngati mukudziwa chilichonse chokhudza mbiri ya Peru. Chitukuko cha Paracas chinali gulu lakale la Andes lomwe lidakhalako zaka 2,100 zapitazo ku Peru masiku ano, ndikumvetsetsa bwino za ulimi wothirira, kasamalidwe ka madzi, kupanga nsalu, ndi zinthu zadothi.
Chochititsa chidwi kwambiri n'chakuti, amadziwika ndi kupindika kwa cranial, komwe mitu ya ana obadwa kumene inkatalikitsidwa ndi kupotozedwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zigaza zachilendo, zazitali. Ica ndi dera lomwe lili kum'mwera kwa dziko la Peru komwe kwakhala anthu azikhalidwe zakale kwambiri m'mbiri yonse. Ica, kwawo kwa Museo Reginal the Ica, ndi mbiri yakale yosungiramo chuma.
M’zaka za m’ma 1960, mwamuna wina dzina lake Javier Cabrera anayambitsa dziko lonse ku miyala yotchedwa Ica Stones, yomwe inali miyala ya andesite yomwe akuti inapezeka m’chigawo cha Ica ndipo inali ndi zithunzithunzi za ma dinosaur, zifaniziro za humanoid, ndi zimene anthu ambiri amazitanthawuza kuti ndi umboni wa zinthu zapamwamba. luso.
Zinthu izi tsopano zimatengedwa ngati zopeka zamakono ndipo zasinthidwa. katswiri wofukula mabwinja Ken Feder anathirira ndemanga pa miyalayi: “Miyala ya Ica Stones si nthano zotsogola kwambiri zokambidwa m’bukuli, koma ndithudi zili pamwamba pake monga zopusa kwambiri.”
N'kutheka kuti Nazca ndi yomwe imadziwika kwambiri. Dera limeneli, lomwe kuli mizere yotchuka ya Nazca, ndi limodzi mwa madera odziwika kwambiri ku Peru. Mitsinje ya Nazca ndi mndandanda wazithunzi zazikuluzikulu zomwe zidadulidwa m'chipululu cha Nazca ku Peru. Mizere ikuluikulu, yomwe mwina idamangidwa cha m'ma 500 BC, imakhala utali wa makilomita 1,300 (808 miles) ndipo imatenga malo ozungulira ma kilomita 50 (ma 19 sq miles).
Mphikawo ndi wopangidwa ndi dongo
Kukula kwake kwakukulu sikozolowereka, ndipo ngakhale kungayambitse malingaliro a chiwembu poganizira kuyandikana kwake ndi Nazca Lines, dera la Ica, ndi zomwe zimatchedwa zigaza za Paracas, zomwe zili mumphika wadongo ndi zinthu zomwe zinapangidwira zikhoza kuwulula zambiri. za ntchito yake.
Poyamba, Regional Ica Museum imadziwika kuti mphika wadongo ndi nkhokwe, chinthu chomwe anthu akale amasungiramo mbewu kapena chakudya. Ndilo lalikulu kwambiri lomwe lapezeka ku Peru, ngakhale kuti silokhalo. Mphika waukuluwu, womwe unayamba zaka 2,400, unapangidwa mu 400 BC. Malinga ndi zomwe akatswiri ofukula zinthu zakale a ku Peru a Julio C. Tello adalemba, mphika waukulu wadongo udapangidwa nthawi ya Paracas Necropolis, yomwe idayambira pafupifupi 500 BC mpaka 200 AD.
Nthawi ya Paracas-Necropolis idadziwika chifukwa chakuti manda ake amakona anayi, omwe adafukulidwa ku Warikayan, adapatulidwa kukhala zipinda zingapo kapena zipinda zapansi panthaka, ndikuphatikizanso “mzinda wa akufa” malinga ndi Tello (necropolis). Chipinda chachikulu chilichonse chinali ndi banja kapena fuko lapadera, lomwe linkaika makolo awo kwa zaka mazana ambiri.
Funso loti mtsuko wadongo unachokera ku Warikayan, mudzi wawukulu wakale, kapena kumudzi woyandikana nawo sunathetsedwe. Popeza kuti m’derali mulibe zinthu zakale zokulirapo zofanana, ofufuza akuganiza kuti chidebe chadongochi chinkanyamulidwa kalekale, mwina pochita malonda kapena ngati mphatso yochokera kumidzi yapafupi.
Tikudziwa kuti anthu akale ankasunga chakudya chisanasiyidwe. Tikudziwa kuti ndi dongo lamoto. Kukula kwake kwapadera kumatanthauza kuti amene adamanga nyumbayo akufuna kusunga zinthu zambiri mkati mwake.
Mwachionekere inkasunga mbewu kapena chakudya ndipo inkakwiriridwa, kukwiriridwa pansi pa nthaka, ndi pamwamba pake. Kukwirira mtsuko wadongo pamwamba ndi kusunga chakudya m'kati mwake mwina kukanathandiza kuti chakudyacho chikhalebe nthawi yaitali pochiteteza kuti chisatenthe kwambiri.
Chombo chachikulu cha Ica Clay Vase ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zochititsa chidwi koma zosadziwika bwino kuchokera kudera lomwe magulu akale adatulukira, kukhwima, ndipo pamapeto pake adasowa.
Zikuwonetsa kuti derali ndi loposa Miyala ya Ica, Nazca Lines, ndi Paracas Skulls zodabwitsa. Zimatiuzanso kuti zotsalira zodabwitsa zingakhale zili pansi pa mapazi athu kwa zaka zikwi zambiri, zobisika kuchokera ku mbiri yakale ndikudikirira kubwezeretsedwa ndi kubwezeretsedwa ku ulemerero wawo wakale.
