A Paiute, fuko la Amwenye Achimereka lomwe limakhala m'zigawo za Nevada, ali ndi mbiri yokhudza makolo awo komanso mtundu wa zimphona zoyera, zimphona zoyera zomwe adauza nzika zoyambirira zamderali. Zinyama zazikuluzikuluzi zimatchedwa "Si-Te-Cah." Sarah Winnemucca Hopkins, mwana wamkazi wa mtsogoleri waku India wa Paiute, adalemba nkhaniyi m'buku lake "Moyo Pakati Pa Piutes: Zolakwa Zawo ndi Zonena Zawo," yomwe idasindikizidwa mu 1882.
Izi "zimphona" zanenedwa kuti ndizankhanza, zopandaubwenzi, komanso kudya anzawo. Ngakhale anali ochepa, Si-Te-Cah inali chiwopsezo chachikulu kwa a Paiute, omwe anali atangoyamba kukhazikika m'derali.
Nthano imanena kuti nkhondo yayikulu idachitika, a Paiute adakankha ndi kukakamiza zimphonazo kuti zilowe munjiramo, zidakuta masamba pakhomo ndikuliyatsa moto ndi mivi yoyaka, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti zitheke patsamba lomwe tsopano limatchedwa Phanga Lachikondi.
Nkhaniyi yanyalanyazidwa ndi olemba mbiri amakono ndi akatswiri azikhalidwe za anthu ngati nthano zongopeka, koma ena anena kuti umboni wofukula m'mabwinja umanenanso zina.
Akatswiri ofukula zinthu zakale adapeza zinthu zikwizikwi m'phanga ili m'zaka zoyambilira zam'ma XNUMX, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti kufukulidwa kwanthawi yayitali ndikulingalira kuti nthano ya Paiute ndiyowona.
Phanga la Lovelock ku Nevada lidakopa chidwi cha akatswiri ofukula mabwinja mu 1924, zaka khumi ndi zitatu kuchokera pomwe anthu ogwira ntchito m'migodi adayamba kukolola bat guano yomwe idakulira pansi pake. Bat guano wouma ndi feteleza wachikhalidwe wogwiritsa ntchito m'minda yamaluwa.
Ogwira ntchito mindawo anapitilizabe kukumba mpaka kusefa zotsalira zamkati mkati, pansi pamunsi mwa bat guano, zidakhala zovuta kwambiri. Atangomva zomwe apeza, adadziwitsa University of California, ndipo zofukula zidayamba.
Pafupifupi mitundu 10,000 ya zinthu zakale zokumbidwa pansi zidapezeka kuphatikiza zida, mafupa, madengu, ndi zida. Malinga ndi lipotilo, mitembo yonyamula anthu ataliatali pafupifupi 60 anafukula. Zonyenga za bakha - pakati pa zakale kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi zomwe nthenga zidalumikizidwabe - ndipo nsapato zazitali mainchesi 15 zidakumbidwa. Mwala wooneka ngati donati wokhala ndi notch 365 zosemedwa kunja ndi zina 52 mkati mwake unapezeka, zomwe asayansi ena amakhulupirira kuti ndi kalendala.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, ma radiocarbon dating omwe adachitika maulendo obwereza adapeza zinthu zamasamba kuyambira 2030 BC, chikazi chaumunthu cha 1450 BC, minofu yamunthu ya 1420 BC, komanso basketry kuyambira 1218 BC. Akatswiri ofufuza zinthu zakale adazindikira kuti ntchito yaphanga la Lovelock, malinga ndi chikhalidwechi, idayamba mu 1500 BC. Akatswiri a chikhalidwe cha anthu masiku ano amatcha anthu omwe amakhala mdera lino kuti Lovelock Culture yokhala ndi Nyengo yayitali pafupifupi zaka 3,000. Akatswiri ambiri ofufuza zakale amakhulupirira kuti Chikhalidwe cha Lovelock chidasinthidwa ndi Northern Paiutes.
Pali kutsutsana kwakutali pazokhudza zomwe zanenedwa za Lovelock Giants. Pakufukula koyamba, panali malipoti a mitembo yosungidwa ya ziphona ziwiri za tsitsi lofiira-m'modzi anali wamtali wamkazi wamkazi 6.5 wamtali, winayo wamwamuna, wamtali kuposa 8-mita.
Masiku ano, zambiri mwazinthu zopanda anthu zomwe zidapezeka kuphanga la Lovelock zitha kupezeka m'malo osungiramo zinthu zakale kapena ku University of California ku Museum of Berkeley, koma mafupa ndi ma mummy osamvetsetseka si ovuta kubwera. Ena amakhulupirira, zakale, zimatsimikizira kuti chikhalidwe chapamwamba chidalipo kale Amwenye a Paiute, koma ngati nthano ya zimphona zofiira za Lovelock ndizolondola m'mbiri yakale sizikudziwika mpaka lero.
Okayikira akuti kuipitsa mankhwala ndi nthaka pambuyo pa kuikidwa m'manda ndiye chifukwa chake zidutswa zosungunuka zimakhala ndi tsitsi lofiira m'malo mwakuda, monga Amwenye ambiri m'derali. Kuphatikiza apo, kafukufuku yemwe adachitika ku University of Nevada akuwonetsa kuti "zimphona" zinali zazitali pafupifupi mita zisanu, osati kutalika kwa 8 kutalika monga momwe akuti adanenera.
Mudzathamangitsidwa ngati mukufuna kudzionera nokha mitemboyo. Nyumba ina yosungiramo zinthu zakale ikudziwitsani kuti inayo ili nayo, mosemphanitsa, ndi zina zotero. Oyendetsa mgodi oyambilira ndi ofukula akuti ma mummies angapo (pang'ono pang'ono) adafukulidwa, koma masiku ano, zonse zomwe mungawone motsimikiza ndi nsagwada imodzi komanso chigaza chimodzi cholakwika. Humboldt County Museum ku Winnemucca ili ndi chigaza chimodzi.
Sitingadziwe ngati ma mummies a Lovelock Cave adakhalako kapena adabisidwa mwadala. Zojambula zomwe zilipo zikuwoneka kuti zikutsimikizira nthano ya Paiute, ndipo umboni wa gigantism wapezeka ndikulembedwa m'malo osiyanasiyana padziko lapansi. Kupatula zinyama zazikuluzikulu zomwe, mitembo ya Lovelock Cave ikuwoneka kuti ili ndi zidutswa zonse zofunika.
Kodi adayikidwa mnyumba yosungira kuti anthu asazindikire zolakwa zamasiku ano? Kapena kodi ndi mfundo zongopeka zopeka zopeka zopeka zakale komanso mafupa angapo ovuta popanda mbiri yakale?
