Kuwerenga magwero a megaliths otchedwa Mystery Hill megaliths, omwe amadziwikanso kuti America's Stonehenge, kumakopa chidwi cha munthu koma sikukhutiritsa - pokhapokha ngati wakhutitsidwa ndi chisangalalo chachinsinsi chododometsacho.
Malowa, ku North Salem, New Hampshire, akuphatikiza miyala yamwala ndi zipinda zomwe zimafalikira maekala 30. Malinga ndi nthano, miyalayi ili ndi mipangidwe yodabwitsa ya zakuthambo. Mwala wopangidwa ndi matani 4.5 womwe umawoneka ngati malo apakati atha kukhala ngati guwa lansembe. Amakumbidwa ndi ngalande yokhetsera magazi, mwina magazi a munthu amene waphedwayo.
Pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zathandizira kuganiza kuti Stonehenge ya ku America idamangidwa ndi Azungu koyambirira kwa 2,000 BC - zaka masauzande ambiri umboni woyambirira waulamuliro wa Viking ku North America usanachitike. Akatswiri ofukula zinthu zakale amagawanika. Ena amanena kuti palibe umboni wokwanira wochirikiza chiphunzitsochi komanso kuti malowa anamangidwa posachedwapa.
Pali masamba ambiri ofanana panjira yochokera ku Maine kupita ku Connecticut, koma palibe yayikulu ngati Mystery Hill. Nawa mawonekedwe a tsambalo komanso malingaliro a akatswiri angapo.
Chifukwa chake mwina anali Aselote
1 | Zizindikiro zimawoneka ngati zikuwonetsa chilankhulo chakale cha Chiairishi, komabe kutanthauzira mawuwa kwakhala kotsutsana.
2 | Malinga ndi kulondola kwa zakuthambo, ma megaliths amawoneka kuti akuwonetsa zikondwerero zapakati pa kota. Malinga ndi katswiri wa zakuthambo Alan Hill, maholide amenewa amachitidwa ndi Aselote okha. Ena afananiza ma megaliths ndi Stonehenge.
3| "Zotsatira za Carbon-14 zimagwirizana ndi tsiku lomwe ma Celt adasamuka," malinga ndi buku la David Goudsward ndi Robert Stone lotchedwa "America's Stonehenge: The Mystery Hill Story, kuchokera ku Ice Age mpaka Stone Age." Stone adagula malowa m'zaka za m'ma 1950 ndipo adatsegula kuti anthu aziwonera komanso kuti apitirize kufufuza.
Goudsward ndi Stone akupitiliza: “A Celtiberian [anthu olankhula Chiseti a ku Iberia Peninsula] ankacheza ndi anthu a ku Carthage, mtundu womwe unali wotsimikizirika kuti unali ndi luso lowoloka nyanja ya Atlantic. Komabe, palibe zokongoletsera pamiyala zomwe zingasonyeze Aselote.”
Chifukwa chake mwina anali Amwenye Achimereka
1 | Akatswiri ofukula zinthu zakale anapeza zinthu zakale za ku America zomwe zinapangidwa zaka zoposa 1,000 pamalowa.
2 | Kugwiritsa ntchito zida zamwala pamiyala kumawonetsa luso lofanana ndi la Amwenye Achimereka.
Zithunzi za Aselote?
Ogham ndi zolemba zachi Irish zomwe zidagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyambira zaka za zana lachisanu mpaka lachisanu ndi chimodzi. Ma Glyphs, mwina ogham, akuti adapezeka pamiyala.
Karen Wright, yemwe adalemba nkhani ya Discovery Magazine mu 1998 atapita ku Mystery Hill, adalongosola zomwe akuwona kuti akungowerenga mokayikitsa: "Olemba osiyanasiyana [amasulira,] kusanthula zilankhulo kuchokera ku ogham kupita ku Chirasha."
Kumasulira kwachikale kwambiri, kumasulira kwa Chiiberiki/Chipuniki, kunanenedwa kuti kunachokera ku mizere itatu yofanana yofanana yooneka ngati dzimbiri: 'Ichi chaperekedwa kwa Baala m'malo mwa Akanani,' limawerenga Baibuloli.
"Izi, ndinaganiza, zinali zofanana ndi zofukulidwa zakale za Lassie pamene galu akulira kamodzi ndipo Jimmy anapatsidwa kumvetsetsa kuti mwendo wa mtsikana wazaka zisanu ndi chimodzi wotchedwa Sally watsekeredwa pansi pa mtengo womwe unagwa pamtunda wa mamita 30 kumpoto. ku mathithi a Coldwater Creek pafupi ndi tsinde lakale la mgodi ndipo iyenso ali ndi matenda a shuga, choncho bweretsani insulini.”
Chibwenzi cha Carbon
Mu 1969, katswiri wofukula za m’mabwinja James Whittall anafukula zida zamwala pamalopo, limodzi ndi flakes zamakala zomwe zimatha kukhala ndi deti la carbon. Malinga ndi a Goudsward ndi Stone, ogwiritsa ntchito zidazi anali kugwira ntchito pafupifupi 1,000 BC Whittall adapeza makala kuchokera kumalo ena owonjezera pamalopo, ndipo chibwenzi cha kaboni chinali kuyambira 2,000 BC mpaka 400 BC.
Kuchita zibwenzi pogwiritsa ntchito njira zakuthambo
Mayendedwe a nyenyezi amathandizana. Wasayansi wamkulu wa malowa, katswiri wa zakuthambo Dr. Louis Winkler, anapeza kuti kuikidwa kwa miyala ingapo kumagwirizana ndi kumene nyenyezi ndi zinthu zina zakuthambo zikanakhalako zaka pafupifupi 2,000 zapitazo.
Adapanganso chibwenzi cha radiocarbon ndi laser theodolite kuti akhazikitse chiyambi cha Bronze Age (2,000-1,500 BC). Katswiri wa chikhalidwe cha anthu a Bob Goodby wa ku New Hampshire Archaeological Society (NHAS) adati makonzedwewo ndi "coincidental."
“Pokhala ndi miyala yochuluka chonchi, sizingakhale zovuta kupeza malo ogwirizana ndi zinthu zakuthambo,” Goodby adauza ku Boston University buku la Bridge. Izi si zokha "coincidence" otchulidwa ndi otsutsa a chiphunzitso chakale-European-chochokera, kapena yekha amene anatchulidwa pang'ono nawonso "coincidental" ndi ochirikiza chiphunzitsocho.
Mwachitsanzo, wotsutsa Richard Boisvert, wachiwiri kwa akatswiri ofukula zinthu zakale ku New Hampshire, adavomereza kuti nyumbazi zikufanana ndi zipilala zakale za ku Europe, koma izi zidangochitika mwangozi. Adafotokozera Discovery kuti ndi mawonekedwe amtundu womwewo womwe umagwira ntchito zomwezo.
Alan Hill, pulofesa wa zakuthambo ku New Hampshire Technical Institute, sakhulupirira kuti masinthidwe a zakuthambo adangochitika mwangozi. Malinga ndi nyuzipepala ya New York Times, ma megaliths amakumbukira masiku apakati pa kotala, omwe ali pakati pakati pa solstices ndi equinoxes.
Tchuthi zamtundu uliwonse zimawonedwa ndi a Celt okha, akutero. Hill anatsutsa mfundo yoti nyumbazi ndi zipinda zosungiramo zinthu zakale zomangidwa zaka mazana angapo zapitazi, mwa zina chifukwa khomo lake ndi lopapatiza kwambiri moti sizitha kuloŵa ma wheelbarrow.
A David Brody, loya wakomweko, komanso wolemba zinsinsi adauza Times kuti pali miyala yambiri yododometsa yofananira m'derali kuti ilembe kuti zonse zidangochitika mwangozi.
Zida za miyala pamiyala zikuwonetsa omanga akale
Omangawo akuwoneka kuti adagwiritsa ntchito zida zamwala osati zida zachitsulo. Kupanga mwala pamiyala ndi kofanana ndi kwa Amwenye Achimereka, malinga ndi abwana a Boisvert, New Hampshire boma ofukula zinthu zakale Gary Hume.
Anali wochenjera kunena kuti ma megaliths anali ndi zaka 4,000, koma adawoneka akusiya chitseko chotseguka. Ananena kuti sangatsutsane ndi "ofufuza aŵiri odziwika bwino omwe adatsimikizira kuti mayendedwewo," malinga ndi Wright. Akatswiri ofukula zinthu zakale apeza kuti Amwenye Achimereka ndi Aselote ndiwo omanga, koma si okhawo.
Ena amakhulupirira kuti anali Afoinike, anthu ochokera ku ufumu wakale wa ku Mediterranean. Malinga ndi Wright, miyala yoyimilirayo imagwirizana ndi malo a Phoenician polestar Thuban.
Jonathan Pattee, wosoka nsapato, ndi banja lake adakhala pamalopo kwa zaka za m'ma XNUMX, ndipo ambiri amakhulupirira kuti iye ndi banja lake ndi omwe adamanga nyumbazi. Dennis Stone, mwana wa Robert Stone komanso mwiniwake wa malowa komanso wogwiritsa ntchito malowa adauza Discovery kuti zina mwazinthuzi zidamangidwa ndi Pattee, koma osati zonse.
Ena amaganiza kuti banja la a Pattee silikanatha kuthana ndi zovuta zomanga ndi kuyanjanitsa komanso kuti banjali likadagwiritsa ntchito zida zachitsulo m'malo mwa miyala.
Akatswiri ofukula zinthu zakale, malinga ndi kunena kwa Goodby ndi anthu ena okayikira lingaliro la chiyambi chakale, akadapeza zizindikiro za anthu okhala pamalopo kapena kuzungulira malowo, monga malo oikidwa. Amakhulupirira kuti mwala wa nsembeyo udagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi anthu posachedwapa kupanga sopo.
Zirizonse zomwe akuganiza, monga Goudsward ndi Stone amalembera: “Pakhala kuwonongeka kochuluka m’zaka zikwi zinayi zapitazi kwakuti mosasamala kanthu ndi amene mukukhulupirira kuti anamanga malowa, pali umboni wokwanira wokwanira woti munthu afufuzidwe mowonjezereka panjira imeneyi. Zimenezi zatulutsa nthanthi zambirimbiri zokulirakulira ndi zotambasuka monga momwe thambo lingasonyezere kapena silinasonyezedwe ndi zolembedwa zakale zamakedzana.”
