Pansi pa nyanja ya South Atlantic, chilumba cha Bouvet chikufotokozedwa kuti ndi amodzi mwa malo akutali kwambiri padziko lapansi, komwe malo oyandikira kwambiri ndi Antarctica. Ngati pali malo apakati, malo khumi ndi asanu ndi anayi masikweya kilomita awa mu nyanja ya Atlantic osakhalamo anthu komanso ophimbidwa ndi ayezi oundana mosakayikira ndi ameneyo.
Koma chomwe chimapangitsa chilumba cha Bouvet kukhala chachilendo ndichakuti: mu 1964, boti lopulumutsira losiyidwa linapezeka pachilumba chakutali kwambiri ichi. Kupatula ngalawayo, panalibe chizindikiro china cha moyo wa munthu kapena zochitika pachilumbachi ndipo palibe njira zamalonda zomwe zikuyenda mkati mwa makilomita 1,000 kuchokera kumalo ano. Magwero a bwato akali chinsinsi.
Bouvet Island - malo akutali kwambiri padziko lapansi
Pokhala chilumba chakutali kwambiri padziko lapansi, Chilumba cha Bouvet chili pamtunda wa makilomita pafupifupi 1,000 kuchokera kudera lina — dera la Antarctica lotchedwa Mfumukazi Maud Land. Tristan da Cunha ndi chilumba china chakutali komanso malo okhala anthu oyandikira kwambiri ochokera pachilumba cha Bouvet chomwe chili pamtunda wa mamailosi 1,400 kuchokera pamenepo. Ndipo chilumbachi chili pamtunda wa makilomita 1,600 kuchokera kudziko lapafupi ku South Africa - pafupifupi mtunda wochokera ku Paris kupita ku Moscow.
Chinsinsi chakumbuyo kwa boti pachilumba cha Bouvet
Poyambirira adapezeka mu 1739 ndi wofufuza malo waku Norway a Jean Baptiste Charles Bouvet de Lozier, chilumbachi ndi bwinja lamiyala ndi ayezi, wopanda zomera kupatula mbewa kapena moss. Kuchokera kumwamba, zikuwoneka ngati chimphona chofewa, chofewa. Kuyambira 1929, lakhala gawo la Norway, ndipo mu 1977, malo owonera nyengo anamangidwa pachilumbachi. Koma zachilendo kwambiri pachilumbachi zidadziwika mu 1964, pomwe gulu la ofufuza lidakumana ndi bwato losamvetsetseka pachilumbacho, sanadziwe momwe bwatoli linathera kumalo osakhalako oterewa!
Bouvet - chilumba chamapiri
Boma la South Africa, ndi chilolezo ku Norway, linali kufufuza za zomangamanga malo pachilumbachi, ndipo m'ma 1950 adanyamuka kuti awone ngati pali malo okwanira olimba pachilumba cha Bouvet kuti akwaniritse zosowa zawo. Adatsimikiza kuti terraform siyikugwirizana ndi zosowa zawo. Komanso, adapeza kuti chilumbacho chidakula, mwina chifukwa cha kuphulika kwa mapiri, koma nyengo sizinapangitse kuti aphunzire mwalamulo.
Kupezeka kwa bwato lachinsinsi pachilumba cha Bouvet
Mu Epulo wa 1964, adabwerera kukamaliza maphunziro awo azigawo zatsopano za chilumbacho - ndipo adapeza chinsinsi. Bwato, losokonekera pachilumbacho, ndi opalasa awiri pamtunda wa mayadi mazana angapo, lidali m'nyanja m'dera latsopano. Bwatolo linalibe zikwangwani zodziwikiratu ndipo, ngakhale panali umboni wina wosonyeza kuti anthu anali m'bwatomo, palibe mtembo wa munthu womwe unapezedwa.
Mafunso omwe adakali osadziwika mpaka lero
Mafunso otseguka ndi ambiri. Chifukwa chiyani bwato linali paliponse pafupi ndi malowa - zenizeni, pakati pena paliponse? Kodi anali m'bwatomo ndani? Kodi iwo anafika bwanji kumeneko - kupitirira mailosi chikwi kuchokera ku chitukuko - popanda china choposa opalasa? Ndipo zidachitika ndi chiyani kwa ogwira ntchito? Mayankho ndi ochepa, monga momwe wolemba mbiri waku London a Mike Dash, adayang'anitsitsa funso, koma sanapeze yankho lokhutiritsa.
Mafotokozedwe zotheka
Ambiri ayesapo kumaliza chinsinsi cha chilumba cha Bouvet akuti, bwatolo lidakokoloka mwanjira ina pachilumba cha Bouvet kuchokera pamafunde am'nyanja. Koma boma la South Africa lidapeza bwatoli lili ndi zopalasa ziwiri pagombe lazilumba. Panali zisonyezo zakuti anthu adakhalapo kale, koma kunalibe chizindikiro cha matupi awo. Pomwe ambiri adalongosola kuti, atamwalira, matupi awo adakokoloka munyanja, ngakhale linali dziwe lakutali pakati pachilumbacho.
Ambiri anenapo kuti, anthu omwe akulephera mwaulemuwo adatha kukweza bwato lawo kupita kunyanja pachilumbacho kenako ndikupita nalo kunyanja kuti ateteze kunyanja. Ndipo m'masiku ochepa, onse adamwalira ndi njala kapena kuchepa kwa madzi m'mbali mwa nyanja ndipo matupi awo adakokoloka.
Malingaliro okhutiritsa komanso omveka bwino amapezeka m'buku la Zochita za Oceanographical Institute (Moscow, 1960), mu Tsamba No 129. Ikuwonetsa kuti "chombo chodziwika bwino chasayansi chotchedwa 'Slava-9' chinayamba ulendo wawo wapa 13 ndi zombo za 'Slava' Antarctic pa 22 Okutobala 1958. Pa Novembala 27 idafika ku Bouvet Island. Gulu la amalinyero linafika. Pambuyo pake, sanathe kuchoka pachilumbacho nthawi chifukwa cha nyengo yoipa ndikukhala pachilumbachi kwa masiku atatu. Anthuwo anachotsedwa pa helikopita pa November 29, 1958. ”
Palinso lingaliro lina lofananira loti gulu la asitikali ankhondo apadziko lonse lapansi adataya munyanja ndipo adasamukira ku chilumba cha Bouvet. Mwina, adapulumutsidwa ndi helikopita kapena sitima ndipo adasiya bwatolo litasiyidwa pomwepo. Komabe, palibe chikalata chotsimikizira izi. M'malo mwake, pali malingaliro ambiri pakupeza kwachilendo kumeneku, ndizovuta kukhomerera m'modzi.
Chochitika cha Vela
Chochitika cha Vela ndi chochitika china chodabwitsa koma chosangalatsa cholumikizidwa ndi chinsinsi cha Bouvet Island. Chochitikacho chinachitika pa 22 September 1979, pamwamba kapena pamwamba pa nyanja pakati pa Bouvet ndi Prince Edward Islands, pamene American Vela Hotel satellite 6911 inalembetsa kung'anima kosadziwika bwino. Ngakhale kuwunikaku kwatanthauziridwa mosiyanasiyana ngati kuyesa kwa nyukiliya, meteor, kapena glitch ya zida, ambiri akadali ndi chidwi chofuna kupeza chinthu chodabwitsa kwambiri kuchokera pamenepo.
Kutsiliza
Popeza kutalikirana kwa chilumba cha Bouvet ndi malo ake osasangalatsa, chiyambi cha bwatolo ndi omwe angakhale nawo sanatchulidwepo kwa zaka zana limodzi. Zowonjezera, zikhala momwemo kukhala chimodzi mwazinsinsi zodabwitsa kwambiri zosasunthika m'mbiri.
