Mazana a nyama zakale zosungidwa bwino zomwe zidapezeka pabedi la phulusa lakale ku Nebraska

Asayansi afukula zinthu zakale za zipembere 58, akavalo 17, ngamila 6, nswala 5, agalu 2, makoswe, nswala wa mano a saber ndi mbalame ndi akamba ambirimbiri ku Nebraska.

Kale kwambiri, Nebraska inali malo a udzu. Mitengo ndi zitsamba zinali m'derali. N’kutheka kuti inkafanana ndi malo oteteza zachilengedwe masiku ano a Serengeti ku East Africa. Maenje othirirako adakopa nyama zakale kwambiri pakati pa udzu wautali wa Nebraska. Kuyambira pa akavalo, ngamila ndi zipembere, ndi agalu akutchire akubwera pafupi, nyama zinkangoyendayenda m’derali ngati la savanna.

Mazana a nyama zakale zosungidwa bwino zomwe zidapezeka pabedi la phulusa lakale ku Nebraska 1
Teleoceras mayi “3” ndi ng’ombe yoyamwitsa (pamwamba pa khosi ndi mutu wa mayi). Ngongole yazithunzi: Yunivesite ya Nebraska / Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mwachilungamo 

Ndiyeno, tsiku lina, zonse zinasintha. Mazana a mailosi kutali, phiri lophulika kumwera chakum'mawa kwa Idaho linaphulika. M'masiku ochepa chabe, phulusa lofika mamita awiri linakwirira mbali za Nebraska yamakono.

Nyama zina zinafa nthawi yomweyo, zitadya phulusa ndi zinyalala zina. Nyama zambiri zinkakhala kwa masiku angapo, ndipo mapapu awo ankadya phulusa pamene ankafufuza pansi kuti apeze chakudya. M’milungu yochepa chabe, kumpoto chakum’maŵa kwa Nebraska kunalibe nyama, kupatulapo ochepa opulumuka.

Zaka zoposa 12 miliyoni pambuyo pake, mu 1971, zotsalira zakale zinapezedwa ku Antelope County, pafupi ndi tauni yaing’ono ya Royal. Chigaza cha mwana wa chipembere chinapezedwa ndi katswiri wina wa ku Nebraska dzina lake paleontologist Michael Voorhies ndi mkazi wake pamene ankayendera derali. Zinthu zokwiririkazo zinavumbulidwa ndi kukokoloka kwa nthaka. Posakhalitsa, kufufuza kunayamba m’deralo.

Zinapezeka kuti mbalame ndi akamba anafa mofulumira pamene mafupa awo ali pansi pa phulusa, pomwe panali mchenga pansi pa dzenjelo. Zinyama zina zimachitika mosanjikiza.

Mazana a nyama zakale zosungidwa bwino zomwe zidapezeka pabedi la phulusa lakale ku Nebraska 2
Danga lamadzi la Ashfall limakokera zolengedwa zamitundu yonse kugombe lake lamatope. Zina mwina zingawoneke zachilendo kwa maso amakono. Ena angafanane ndi zolengedwa zodziwika bwino zomwe zikuyendabe padziko lapansi. (Nebraska panthawi ya Cenozoic Era) Chithunzi Chachithunzi: University of Nebraska/ Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mwachilungamo

Pamwamba pa mbalame ndi akamba pali agwape amtundu wa saber-mano. Kenako mitundu isanu ya akavalo amtundu wa hatchi, ena okhala ndi zala zitatu. Pamwamba pawo pali mabwinja a ngamila. Pamwamba pa zonsezi pali zipembere zazikulu kwambiri, zomwe zili mumzere umodzi. Zonsezi zimakwiriridwa pansi pafupifupi mamita 2.5 (8 mapazi) a phulusa. Ayenera kuti anawombera m’madzi, kuphimba akufa.

Zotsalira mu phulusa ndi zonse. Iwo sanaphwanyidwe pansi. Mafupa awo onse akali m’malo. Amakhalanso osalimba. Zokwiriridwa pansi zambiri zimapangika madzi apansi panthaka akaloŵa m’mafupa ndi mano. M'kupita kwa nthawi, mchere wochokera m'madzi umadzaza mipata ndikusintha fupa loyambirira. Zotsatira zake zimakhala zolimba, zokhala ngati mwala zomwe zimatha kupirira nthawi yayitali.

Koma apa phulusalo linatsekereza zigobazo kumadzi. Bowolo litauma, phulusa labwino kwambirilo silinasiye malo pakati pa tinthu tating’ono tomwe timalowamo madzi atsopano. Phulusalo limateteza mafupawo, kuwasunga m’malo awo oyambirira. Koma iwo sanali mineralize kwambiri. Asayansi akachotsa phulusa lozungulira iwo, mafupawa amayamba kusweka.

M’zaka zoŵerengeka, pamene zinthu zambiri zinatulukira, malo okwirirako zakalewo anakula kukhala malo okopa alendo. Masiku ano, anthu amapita ku Ashfall Fossil Beds State Historical Park kuti akaone mazana a zinthu zakale zochokera ku mitundu 12 ya nyama, kuphatikizapo mitundu isanu ya akavalo, mitundu itatu ya ngamila, komanso nswala za mano opusa. Mphaka wodziwika bwino wokhala ndi mano a saber akadali maloto otulukira.

Alendo amawona zakale mkati mwa Hubbard Rhino Barn, malo okwana 17,500-square-foot omwe amateteza zinthu zakale zomwe zimalola alendo kuti aziyendayenda pamsewu. Ma Kiosks amapereka chidziwitso cha zokwiriridwa pansi zomwe zili m'malo enaake.