Kodi munamvapo za chilumba cha Bermeja? Kachigawo kakang'ono kameneka kamene kali ku Gulf of Mexico kamene kali m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Gulf of Mexico kanadziwika kuti ndi malo ovomerezeka, tsopano kalibe kufufuzidwa. Kodi chinachitika ndi chiyani pachilumba cha Bermeja? Kodi zingatheke bwanji kuti chinthu chodziwika bwino pamapu dzulo chizimiririke mwadzidzidzi lero? Ndi chinsinsi chomwe chadodometsa ambiri ndikuyambitsa malingaliro ambiri ochitira chiwembu.
Ena akukhulupirira kuti boma la United States linawononga dala chilumbachi kuti liyambe kulamulira mafuta m’derali. Ena amaganiza kuti chilumbachi sichinakhalepo, ndipo mawonekedwe ake pamapu anali chabe kulakwitsa. Kaya chowonadi chingakhale chotani, nkhani ya chilumba cha Bermeja ndi yochititsa chidwi yomwe imatikumbutsa momwe ngakhale zinthu zolimba komanso zowoneka bwino zimatha kutha popanda chenjezo.
Mapu a amalinyero ochokera ku Portugal
Choyamba, amalinyero a Chipwitikizi anapeza chilumbachi, chomwe amati chinali chachikulu makilomita 80. Malinga ndi mbiri yakale, Bermeja analipo kale pamapu a Chipwitikizi kuyambira 1535, omwe amasungidwa m'malo osungiramo zinthu zakale a Florence. Linali lipoti limene Alonso de Santa Cruz, katswiri wa ku Spain wojambula mapu, wopanga mapu, wopanga zida, katswiri wa mbiri yakale ndi mphunzitsi, anapereka pamaso pa khoti ku Madrid mu 1539. Kumeneko kumatchedwa “Yucatan ndi Islands Nearby.”
M'buku lake la 1540 Espejo de navegantes (Mirror of Navigation), woyendetsa ngalawa wa ku Spain Alonso de Chavez anatchulanso za chilumba cha Bermeja. Iye analemba kuti patali, chilumba chaching’onocho chimawoneka “chofiirira kapena chofiira” (m’Chisipanishi: bermeja).
Pa mapu a Sebastian Cabot, omwe anasindikizidwa ku Antwerp mu 1544, palinso chilumba chotchedwa Bermeja. Pa mapu ake, pambali pa Bermeja, zilumba za Triangle, Arena, Negrillo ndi Arrecife zikuwonetsedwa; ndipo chilumba cha Bermeja chili ndi malo odyera. Chithunzi cha Bermeja chinakhala chimodzimodzi m'zaka za zana la khumi ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri kapena zaka zambiri za m'ma 20. Mogwirizana ndi mapu akale a ku Mexico, olemba mapu a m’zaka za m’ma XNUMX anaika Bermeja pamalo akewo.
Koma mu 1997 zinthu zinalakwika. Sitima yapamadzi yaku Spain sinapeze chizindikiro chilichonse pachilumbachi. Kenako National University of Mexico idachita chidwi ndi kutayika kwa chilumba cha Bermeja. Mu 2009, sitima ina yofufuza idapita kukapeza chilumba chotayika. Tsoka ilo, asayansi sanapezepo chilumba cha Bermeja kapena zina zake.
Enanso akusowa
Bermeja sichinali chilumba chokha chomwe chinasowa mwadzidzidzi. Pakati pa New Caledonia ndi Australia, m’nyanja ya coral, chisumbu china chotchedwa Sandy chinali ndi tsoka lofananalo. Koma chilumbachi chinali chamchenga kwenikweni ndipo chinkawoneka ngati mchenga wautali womwe sunalembedwe pamapu onse. Komabe, pafupifupi mamapu akale onse adawonetsa, ndipo akuganiza kuti wofufuzayo wotchuka Kaputeni James Cook anali munthu woyamba kuziwona ndikuzifotokoza mu 1774.
Pafupifupi zaka 1908 pambuyo pake, sitima yapamadzi ya ku England inafika pachilumbachi. Mu XNUMX, adapatsa a British Admiralty malo enieni mu lipoti lake kwa iwo. Chifukwa chakuti chilumbachi chinali chaching’ono ndipo chinalibe anthu, si ambiri amene anachita chidwi nacho. Pambuyo pake, mawonekedwe ake adasintha kuchoka pamapu kupita ku mapu.
Mu 2012, akatswiri a sayansi ya zakuthambo aku Australia komanso akatswiri a zanyanja zam'madzi anapita ku chilumba cha mchenga. Ndipo chenicheni chakuti sanachipeze chisumbucho chinali chodabwitsa chokhumudwitsa ku chidwi chawo. M’malo mwa chisumbu, panali madzi akuya mamita 1400 pansi pa ngalawayo. Pambuyo pake, asayansiwo adadabwa ngati chilumbachi chitha kutha popanda tsatanetsatane kapena sichinakhalepo. Zinadziwika mwamsanga kuti kulibe zaka makumi angapo zapitazo.
Mu 1979, akatswiri a hydrograph a ku France anachotsa chilumba cha Sandy pamapu awo, ndipo mu 1985, asayansi a ku Australia anachitanso chimodzimodzi. Chifukwa chake chilumbachi chidangosiyidwa pamapu a digito, omwe nthawi zambiri anthu amawaona ngati mapepala. Chilumbacho chinalibenso. Kapena zikadakhala zenizeni m’maganizo mwa anthu amene anaziwona.
Ndipo panali chisumbu china chotchedwa Haboro pafupi ndi Hiroshima, kufupi ndi gombe la Japan. Mwachitsanzo, mamita 120 m’litali ndi pafupifupi mamita 22 si aakulu kwambiri, komabe n’zosavuta kuzindikira. Pachilumbachi, asodziwo anatsika, ndipo alendo odzaona malo anakatenga. Zithunzi za zaka 50 zapitazo zimawoneka ngati nsonga ziwiri za miyala, imodzi yokutidwa ndi zomera.
Koma zaka zisanu ndi zitatu zapitazo, pafupifupi chilumba chonsecho chinalowa m’madzi, n’kungotsala thanthwe laling’ono. Ngati palibe amene akudziwa zomwe zidachitikira Sandy, chifukwa chomwe chilumbachi chidasowa ndizodziwikiratu: idadyedwa ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta m'madzi totchedwa crustaceans. mayulop. Amayikira mazira m’ming’alu ya miyala ndi kuwononga mwala umene umapanga zisumbu chaka chilichonse.
Haboro inasungunuka mpaka inangokhala mulu wawung'ono wa miyala. Crustaceans si zolengedwa zokha zomwe zimakhala m'nyanja ndikudya zilumbazi. Zilumba zambiri za m’nyanja za m’nyanja za m’nyanja zimaphedwa ndi zolengedwa zina za m’nyanja, monga nsomba za m’minga. Kufupi ndi gombe la Australia, kumene nyenyezi za m’nyanja zimenezi n’zofala kwambiri, matanthwe ambiri a m’nyanja yamchere ndi zisumbu zazing’ono zinafa.
Kodi izi ndi zomwe zidachitikira Burmeja Island?
Zomwezo zikhoza kuchitika kwa Bermeja monga Sandy. Anthu oyambirira omwe adawona Bermeja adanena kuti inali yofiira komanso pachilumba, kotero kuti mwina inachokera kuphiri lophulika. Ndipo chilumba chamtunduwu ndi chosavuta kupanga komanso chosavuta kuwononga.
Bermeja anali ndi chakudya chokwanira, koma palibe zombo zofufuza zomwe zinapeza chizindikiro chilichonse cha chilumbachi. Palibe miyala yotsala, palibe miyala yosweka, palibe; mbali yakuya yokha ya nyanja. Bermeja sanachokepo kapena kutayika. Ofufuza amanena molimba mtima kuti sinakhaleko. Monga mukudziwa, ndi chinthu chomwecho tikamalankhula za chilumba cha Sandy. M’zaka za m’ma 18, katswiri wina wojambula mapu wa ku New Spain ankaganiza zimenezi chifukwa pa mapu a kumpoto kwa chilumba cha Arena, palibe chilichonse chimene chinasonyeza.
Wofufuzayo Ciriaco Ceballos, wochita kafukufuku wazithunzi, sanapeze Bermeja kapena Not-Grillo. Iye anafotokoza chifukwa chake opanga mapu amene analipo asanakhalepo analakwitsapo. Chifukwa cha matanthwe ochuluka a ku Gulf, madzi anali ovuta, ndipo ulendo unali woopsa kwambiri, makamaka pamabwato a m'zaka za zana la 16.
Ndizosadabwitsa kuti amalinyero adayesa kuti asatuluke m'madzi akuya ndipo sanali kuthamangira kukawona chilumbachi. Ndipo nkosavuta kulakwitsa mu maumboni ndi kupenyerera. Koma malingaliro awa adatayidwa ndikuyiwalika pomwe Mexico idalandira ufulu wake.
Makhadi okhala ndi zithunzi za Bermeja anagwiritsidwa ntchito poyambira kupanga mapu a Gulf. Ndipo sipanakhalepo mayeso kuti awone ngati zisumbu kapena palibe aliyense. Koma pali zambiri ku nkhaniyo osati kulongosola koonekeratu. Mfundo yake yaikulu ndi yakuti Bermeja ndi imodzi mwa mfundo zomwe zimapanga malire a nyanja pakati pa Mexico ndi United States.
M'mitundu iyi, Achimereka sanali opindulitsa ku Bermeja chifukwa malo odyetserako mafuta ndi gasi ku Gulf of Mexico akanakhala a United States, osati Mexico. Ndipo akuti aku America adatenga chisumbuchi, chomwe sichiyenera kukhalapo chifukwa adangochiphulitsa.
