Kafukufuku wofalitsidwa posachedwa adachokera pakuwunika kwa miyala yomwe ili ndi zaka 518-million ndipo ili ndi zotsalira zakale kwambiri zomwe asayansi ali nazo pakali pano. Malinga ndi kafukufukuyu, makolo a zolengedwa zambiri zamoyo masiku ano angakhalepo zaka zoposa 500 miliyoni zapitazo ku China yamakono.
Ku Yunnan, kum’mwera chakumadzulo kwa China, asayansi anapeza gulu limodzi lakale kwambiri la zokwiriridwa pansi zakale za nyama zomwe masiku ano zimadziwika ndi sayansi, zomwe zili ndi zotsalira za mitundu yoposa 250.
Ndi mbiri yofunika ya Kuphulika kwa Cambrian, yomwe inawona kufalikira kofulumira kwa mitundu iwiri - zolengedwa zomwe, monga zinyama zamakono ndi anthu, zinali ndi zofananira monga mazira, kutanthauza kuti anali ndi mbali yakumanzere ndi kumanja yomwe ili magalasi zithunzi za wina ndi mzake.
Zakafukufuku zomwe zinapezedwa ku Chengjiang Biota wazaka 518 miliyoni zimaphatikizapo nyongolotsi, nyamakazi (makolo a shrimps, tizilombo, akangaude, ndi zinkhanira), ngakhalenso zamoyo zakale kwambiri (makolo a nsomba, amphibians, zokwawa, mbalame, ndi zoyamwitsa). . Zotsatira za kafukufuku waposachedwa zidawululira kwa nthawi yoyamba kuti malowa anali mathithi osazama a m'nyanja omwe anali ndi michere yambiri ndipo adakhudzidwa ndi kusefukira kwa madzi.
Ngakhale kuti derali lili pamtunda m'chigawo chamapiri cha Yunnan, gululo lidawunikanso zitsanzo zam'mwamba zomwe zidawonetsa umboni wa mafunde am'madzi m'malo omwe analipo kale.
"Kuphulika kwa Cambrian tsopano kukuvomerezedwa padziko lonse lapansi ngati chochitika chenicheni cha chisinthiko chofulumira, koma zifukwa zomwe zimayambitsa chochitikachi zakhala zikutsutsana kwa nthawi yaitali, ndi malingaliro okhudza chilengedwe, majini, kapena chilengedwe," adatero wolemba wamkulu Dr. Xiaoya Ma, katswiri wa palaeobiologist ku yunivesite ya Exeter ndi Yunnan University.
"Kupezeka kwa malo a m'mphepete mwa nyanja kunapereka chidziwitso chatsopano pakumvetsetsa zomwe zingayambitse kuchulukirachulukira kwa madera a m'mphepete mwa nyanja omwe ali ndi nyama zamtundu wa Cambrian komanso kuteteza kwawo minofu yofewa."
"Zomwe zimayambitsa kusakhazikika kwachilengedwe zimathanso kupangitsa kuti nyama zoyambilira ziziwoneka bwino."
Wolemba nawo mnzake Farid Saleh, waku Yunnan University, adati: "Titha kuwona kuchokera kuzinthu zambiri zomwe zimatuluka m'matope kuti chilengedwe chomwe chili ndi Chengjiang Biota chinali chovuta komanso chosazama kwambiri kuposa zomwe zidanenedwa kale m'mabuku a nyama zomwezo."
Changshi Qi, wolemba wina wotsogolera komanso katswiri wa geochemist ku Yunnan University, anawonjezera kuti: "Kafukufuku wathu akuwonetsa kuti Chengjiang Biota makamaka inkakhala m'malo amadzi osaya okhala ndi okosijeni ambiri."
“Kusefukira kwa madzi kunachititsa kuti zamoyo zimenezi zifike kufupi ndi kumene kunalibe mpweya wa okosijeni, zomwe zinachititsa kuti titetezeke mwapadera kwambiri masiku ano.”
Wolemba nawo wina Luis Buatois, katswiri wa paleontologist ndi sedimentologist pa yunivesite ya Saskatchewan, anati: "Chengjiang Biota, monga momwe zilili ndi nyama zofananira zomwe zafotokozedwa kwina, zasungidwa m'malo osungika bwino."
"Kumvetsetsa kwathu momwe zida zamatopezi zidasungidwira kwasintha kwambiri m'zaka 15 zapitazi."
"Kugwiritsa ntchito chidziwitso chomwe chapezedwa posachedwapa pa kafukufuku wa zotsalira zakufa zakale za kusungidwa mwapadera kudzasintha kwambiri kamvedwe kathu kamene ndi komwe zidapezekazi."
Zotsatira za kafukufukuyu ndizofunika kwambiri chifukwa zikuwonetsa kuti mitundu yambiri yoyambirira idatha kuzolowera malo ovuta monga kusinthasintha kwa mchere komanso kuchuluka kwa dothi.
Izi zikusemphana ndi zomwe anapeza m'mafukufuku oyambirira, omwe amati nyama zokhala ndi makhalidwe ofanana zinkakhala m'madzi akuya ndi malo a m'nyanja mokhazikika.
“N’zovuta kukhulupirira kuti nyama zimenezi zinatha kulimbana ndi vuto la chilengedwe lodetsa nkhaŵa chonchi,” Anatero M. Gabriela Mángano, katswiri wa paleontologist wa pa yunivesite ya Saskatchewan, yemwe waphunzira malo ena odziwika bwino otetezedwa mwapadera ku Canada, Morocco, ndi Greenland.
Maximiliano Paz, mnzake wa postdoctoral ku Yunivesite ya Saskatchewan yemwe amagwira ntchito zamakina abwino, anawonjezera kuti: "Kupeza zida zadothi kunatithandiza kuwona zambiri zamwala zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta kuzizindikira m'dera la Chengjiang."
Pepala, lofalitsidwa mu nyuzipepala ya Nature Communications, ili ndi mutu: "Chengjiang Biota inkakhala m'malo otsetsereka"
