Malinga ndi m'modzi mwa omwe adalemba kafukufuku waposachedwa, ma Neanderthals anali pafupi ndi mitundu yathu yakale yam'mbuyomu kuposa kale, monga zojambula m'mapanga zomwe zidapezeka ku Spain zidawulula kuti ali ndi chidwi chofuna kupanga zaluso.
Malinga ndi kafukufuku wofalitsidwa mu nyuzipepala ya Proceedings of the National Academy of Science (PNAS), red ocher pigment yomwe yapezeka pa stalagmites ku Caves of Ardales, kufupi ndi Malaga, kumwera kwa Spain, idapangidwa ndi a Neanderthals pafupifupi zaka 65,000 zapitazo, kuwapangitsa kukhala otheka ojambula oyamba padziko lapansi. Anthu amakono sanali kukhala ku Europe panthawi yomwe zithunzi zamapanga zimapangidwa.
Komabe, zomwe anapezazi zinali zotsutsana, ndipo buku lina laukadaulo linati "mwina mitundu iyi inali yachilengedwe, chifukwa cha kutuluka kwa oxide wachitsulo," malinga ndi a Francesco d'Errico, wolemba nawo kafukufuku waposachedwa wofalitsidwa mu magazini ya PNAS.
Kufufuza kwatsopano kukuwonetsa kuti kapangidwe ka mitundu ndi malo sizinali zogwirizana ndi chilengedwe; m'malo mwake, utoto umagwiritsidwa ntchito powaza ndi kuwomba. Kuphatikiza apo, kapangidwe kake sikankagwirizana ndi zitsanzo zachilengedwe zomwe zimasonkhanitsidwa m'mapanga, ndikuwonetsa kuti inkalazo zimachokera kwina.
Malinga ndi d'Errico wa pa Yunivesite ya Bordeaux, izi "zikugwirizana ndi lingaliro loti anthu aku Neanderthal adayendera maulendo angapo, kwa zaka masauzande angapo, kuti apake uthengawo ndi mitundu."
Malinga ndi a Joao Zilhao, wolemba wina wa kafukufukuyu, njira zopezera zibwenzi zidavumbulutsa kuti a Neanderthals adalavulira oyang'anira pa stalagmites, mwina ngati gawo la mwambowu.
Ndizosatheka kuyerekezera "luso" la ku Neanderthal ndi zojambula zakale za anthu zakale, monga zomwe zidapezeka kuphanga la Chauvet-Pont d'Arc ku France, lomwe latha zaka 30,000.
Zotsatira zaposachedwa zikuwonjezera umboni wochuluka womwe anthu aku Neanderthals, omwe mzere wawo udatha zaka 40,000 zapitazo, sanali abale a Homo sapiens omwe adawonetsedwa kalekale.
"Chofunika ndikuti zimapanga mawonekedwe athu aku Neanderthals. Iwo anali ofanana ndi anthu. Kafukufuku waposachedwa awulula kuti amakonda zinthu zamtengo wapatali, zosakanikirana ndi anthu, komanso kuti amakongoletsa mapanga ngati ife ”atero a Zilhao.
Malingana ndi gulu la ochita kafukufuku, nkhumbazo siziri "zaluso" mwanjira zachikhalidwe, koma "zotsatira za mawonekedwe owonekera poteteza kufunika kwa malo."
Mapangidwe a phanga "adachita mbali yayikulu pamawonekedwe ophiphiritsa amitundu ina yaku Neanderthal," ngakhale tanthauzo la zizindikilozi sizikudziwika.
