Malinga ndi kafukufuku wofalitsidwa m'magazini ya Nature, “malire” a munthu pa zaka 120 mpaka 150 amakhala ndi moyo. Nangumi wa Bowhead ndi amene amakhala ndi moyo wautali kwambiri kuposa nyama iliyonse padziko lapansi, ndipo amakhala ndi moyo mpaka zaka 200 kapena kupitirirapo. Malemba ambiri akale, kuphatikizapo a m’zinenero za ku Sumeri, Chihindu, ndi m’Baibulo, amafotokoza za anthu amene akhala ndi moyo kwa zaka masauzande ambiri.
Anthu amene amachita chidwi ndi mbiri yakale ayenera kuti anamvapo za Metusela, munthu amene amati anakhala ndi moyo zaka 969, malinga ndi kunena kwa Baibulo. M’buku la Genesis, akufotokozedwa kuti anali mwana wa Inoki, atate wake wa Lameki, ndi agogo ake a Nowa. Popeza kuti mzera wa makolo ake umagwirizanitsa Adamu ndi Nowa, nkhani yake ya m’Baibulo ndi yofunika kwambiri.
Baibulo lakale kwambiri lodziŵika bwino limati Metusela anali ndi zaka pafupifupi 200 pamene mwana wake Lameki anabadwa, ndipo anamwalira pambuyo pa Chigumula chofotokozedwa m’nkhani ya Nowa. Chifukwa cha ukalamba wake, Metusela wakhala mbali ya chikhalidwe chotchuka, ndipo dzina lake limatchulidwa kaŵirikaŵiri ponena za ukalamba wa anthu kapena zinthu.
Komabe, munthu wotchulidwa m’Baibulo ameneyu ndi wochititsa chidwi kwambiri chifukwa cha moyo wake wautali, komanso ndi wofunika kwambiri pa zifukwa zina zosiyanasiyana. Metusela anali kholo lachisanu ndi chitatu la nthawi ya chigumula, malinga ndi Bukhu la Genesis.
Malingana ndi Baibulo la King James Version, izi zikunenedwa:
21 Ndipo Enoke anakhala ndi moyo zaka makumi asanu ndi limodzi kudza zisanu, nabala Metusela;
22 Ndipo Enoke anayenda ndi Mulungu atabala Metusela zaka mazana atatu, nabala ana aamuna ndi aakazi.
23 Masiku ake onse a Enoke anali zaka mazana atatu kudza makumi asanu ndi limodzi kudza zisanu;
24 Ndipo Enoke anayendabe ndi Mulungu: ndipo panalibe; pakuti Mulungu adamtenga.
25 Ndipo Metusela anakhala ndi moyo zaka zana kudza makumi asanu ndi atatu kudza zisanu ndi ziŵiri, nabala Lameke;
26 ndipo Metusela anakhala ndi moyo atabala Lameke zaka mazana asanu ndi awiri kudza makumi asanu ndi atatu kudza ziŵiri, nabala ana aamuna ndi aakazi.
27 Masiku ake onse a Metusela anali zaka mazana asanu ndi anayi kudza makumi asanu ndi limodzi kudza zisanu ndi zinayi: ndipo anamwalira.
-Genesis 5:21-27, Baibulo.
Monga mmene Genesis amafotokozera, Metusela anali mwana wa Inoki ndiponso bambo ake a Lameki, amenenso anabereka Nowa, amene anabereka ali ndi zaka 187. Dzina lake lakhala likulu la cholengedwa chilichonse chokalamba, ndipo nthawi zambiri limagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mawu monga "kukhala ndi zaka zambiri kuposa Metusela" kapena "kukhala wamkulu kuposa Metusela," pakati pa zinthu zina.
Malinga ndi Chipangano Chakale, Metusela anawonongedwa m’chaka cha Chigumula. N’zotheka kupeza nthaŵi zitatu zosiyana m’miyambo itatu yosiyana-siyana ya malembo apamanja: Amasorete, Septuagint, ndi Torah ya ku Samariya.
Malinga ndi Masoretic Text, matembenuzidwe ovomerezedwa a Chihebri ndi Achiaramu a Tanakh ogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Chiyuda cha Rabi, Metusela anali ndi zaka 187 pamene mwana wake anabadwa. Anamwalira ali ndi zaka 969, m’chaka cha Chigumula.
The Septuagint, nthawi zina amatchedwa Chipangano Chakale cha Chigiriki, Baibulo lachigiriki lomasuliridwa kale kwambiri la Chipangano Chakale kuchokera ku Chihebri choyambirira limasonyeza kuti Metusela anali ndi zaka 187 pamene mwana wake anabadwa ndi kufa ali ndi zaka 969, koma zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi chigumula chachikulu chisanachitike.
Monga momwe zalembedwera mu Torah ya ku Samariya, buku lopangidwa ndi mabuku asanu oyambirira a m’Baibulo lachihebri, lolembedwa m’zilembo zachisamariya ndipo Asamariya ankagwiritsa ntchito monga malemba, Metusela anali ndi zaka 67 pamene mwana wake anabadwa, ndipo anamwalira ali ndi zaka 720. kufika panthaŵi imene Chigumula chinachitika.
Kufotokozera kwamtunduwu kwa moyo wautali kumapezekanso m'malemba ena akale. Zolemba zakale za ku Sumeriya, kuphatikizapo zotsutsana kwambiri, zimawulula mndandanda wa olamulira akale asanu ndi atatu amene adatsika kumwamba ndi kulamulira zaka zoposa 200,000. Malinga ndi lembali, Chigumula Chisanachitike, gulu la anthu 8 anzeru analamulira Mesopotamiya kwa zaka 241,200.
Phale ladongo lomwe munali mawu osavuta kumva limeneli linalembedwa zaka 4,000 zapitazo ndipo linapezedwa ndi wofufuza wa ku Germany ndi ku America Hermann Hilprecht chakumayambiriro kwa zaka za m’ma 18. Hilprecht anapeza mapale 2017 ofanana a cuneiform (c. 1794-XNUMX BCE). Iwo sanali ofanana koma adagawana zambiri zomwe amakhulupirira kuti zidatengedwa kuchokera ku gwero limodzi la mbiri ya Sumeri.
Makope opitilira khumi ndi awiri a Mndandanda wa Mfumu ya ku Sumerian kuyambira zaka za m'ma 7 BC apezedwa ku Babulo, Susa, Asuri, ndi Laibulale Yachifumu ya Nineve, pakati pa malo ena.
Mndandanda wa Sumerian chigumula chisanachitike:
“Ufumu utatsika kuchokera kumwamba, ufumuwo unali ku Eridug. Mu Eridug, Alulim anakhala mfumu; analamulira zaka 28800. Aaljar adalamulira zaka 36000. 2 mafumu; analamulira zaka 64800. Kenako Eridugi anagwa ndipo ufumuwo unatengedwa kupita ku Bad-tibira.”
Olemba ena amakhulupirira kuti anthu anakhala ndi moyo pafupifupi zaka chikwi, mpaka pambuyo pa chigumula, Mulungu anafupikitsa nthawi imeneyi ( Genesis 6:3 ) Kenako Yehova anati: “Mzimu wanga sudzalimbika ndi munthu kunthawi yonse, popeza iyenso ali thupi; koma masiku ake adzakhala zaka zana limodzi mphambu makumi awiri.
Kodi mfundo yakuti moyo wa anthu unachepetsedwa inalidi ntchito ya Mulungu? Kodi n’kutheka kuti pali malongosoledwe ena, aakulu kwambiri, amene amanena kuti zamoyo zosachokera pa Dziko Lapansi zinayenda pa pulaneti lathu m’masiku a Metusela?
