Pamodzi ndi Choctaw, Chickasaw, Creek, ndi Seminoles, Cherokee anali amodzi mwa mafuko akale Achimereka Achimereka omwe anali ndi Mitundu Isanu Yotukuka.
Pamene anthu a ku Ulaya anafika m’zaka za m’ma XNUMX, chikhalidwe chakale chimenechi chinatenga madera a masiku ano a Alabama, Georgia, Kentucky, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, ndi Virginia kum’mwera kwa United States. Akatswiri akupitiriza kutsutsana ndi magwero enieni a anthu a Cherokee.
Pali ma hypotheses awiri akuluakulu
Chimodzi ndi chakuti Cherokee, anthu olankhula Iroquois, anafika ku Southern Appalachia mochedwa kwambiri, mwina kumapeto kwa mbiri yakale kuchokera kumadera a kumpoto, omwe anali gawo lachikhalidwe cha Haudenosaunee Confederation (The Five Nations) ndi anthu ena olankhula Iroquois.
M'zaka za zana la khumi ndi zisanu ndi zinayi, ofufuza adalemba zoyankhulana ndi akulu omwe adalongosola mbiri yakale yapakamwa ya ulendo wa anthu a Cherokee kum'mwera kwa dera la Great Lakes kalelo. Akatswiri amatsutsa lingaliro lachiwiri, lomwe limatsutsa kuti Cherokee anali kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa zaka zikwi zambiri.
Lingaliro limeneli, komabe, likuchirikizidwa ndi zochepa zofukulidwa zakale. Anthu a Connestee, omwe amaganiza kuti ndi a Cherokee makolo, ankakhala kumadzulo kwa North Carolina kuyambira 200 mpaka 600 CE.
Anthu a mtundu wa Cherokee anali amodzi mwa mafuko asanu otukuka. Iwo anapatsidwa dzina limenelo ndi Azungu, amene ankakhulupirira kuti atafika, zikhalidwe zisanu zimenezi zinali ndi chitukuko chapamwamba kuposa Eni America ena onse.
Malinga ndi kunena kwa akatswiri ambiri a maphunziro, zimenezi zinawathandiza kuti azolowere msanga miyambo ya azungu, zimene sizinawathandize kuti asatengedwe m’madera awo n’kusamukira ku Oklahoma m’dera limene linadzatchedwa Trail of Tears kuyambira mu 1838.
Komabe, a Cherokee mwina ankawoneka mosiyana ndi mitundu ina ya ku America chifukwa cha miyambo yodabwitsa ya anthu odabwitsa omwe anakhalako ufumu waukulu wa Cherokee usanayambe.
Nthano ya anthu a maso a mwezi
Anthu otchedwa a maso a Mwezi anali osamvetsetseka okhala ku North America omwe amati amakhala ku Appalachia mpaka atathamangitsidwa ndi Cherokee.
Malingaliro Atsopano a Origin of the Tribes and Nations of America, lolembedwa mu 1797 ndi Benjamin Smith Barton, katswiri wa zomera wa ku America, katswiri wa zachilengedwe, ndi dokotala, akufotokoza kuti anali kutchedwa anthu a maso a mwezi chifukwa chakuti iwo amawona bwino kwambiri tsiku lonse ndipo anali ndi mbali zingapo zosiyana ndi za nzika zina za ku America.
"Cheerake imatiuza kuti atafika koyamba m'dziko lomwe amakhala, adapeza kuti lili ndi anthu ena amaso a mwezi, omwe samawona masana." Barton adalemba, akutchula Colonel Leonard Marbury ngati gwero. Iwo anathamangitsa oipa awa.
Pambuyo pake zowonjezera ku nkhani ya anthu a maso a Mwezi zimasonyeza kuti anali ndi khungu loyera, anamanga malo a Pre-Columbian, ndipo anathawira kumadzulo a Cherokee atawathamangitsa.
Buku lina lofalitsidwa mu 1902 ndi katswiri wa zamakhalidwe a James Mooney limatchula za "nkhani yofiyira koma yokhazikika" ya fuko lakale lodabwitsa lomwe lidalipo Cherokee kumwera kwa Appalachia.
Malinga ndi mbiri yakale, anthu okhala ndi khungu loyera ku Appalachia adamanga nyumba zingapo zakale mderali, kuphatikiza umodzi mwamatawuni akale kwambiri ku Northern America, Cahokia. Chodabwitsa n'chakuti ofufuza panopa sakudziwa zambiri za Cahokia. Dzina loyambirira la mzindawo silikudziwika bwino chifukwa omanga akale sanasiye zolembedwa.
Ambiri amanena kuti anthu otchedwa anthu a maso a Mwezi anali anthu omwewo Lionel Wafer anawona pakati pa anthu a Kuna ku Panama, omwe amatchedwanso kuti. "maso a mwezi" chifukwa amaona bwino usiku kuposa masana. Anthu a maso a mweziwo akuganiziridwa kuti ndi amene anamanga malo otchedwa Fort Mountain state park.
Malinga ndi akatswiri ena, nthano iyi ya Cherokee idakhudzidwa ndi miyambo yamakono ya ku Europe ndi America "Amwenye aku Welsh." Zotsalira zakalezi zidanenedwa kuti ndi maulendo a Wales pre-Columbian, malinga ndi miyambo iyi.
Chikalata china cha m’zaka za m’ma 16 chofalitsidwa ndi katswiri wa zinthu zakale wa ku Wales Humphrey Llwyd, mu 1171, chikusonyeza kuti Kalonga wina wa ku Wales wotchedwa Madoc adachoka ku Wales kudutsa nyanja ya Atlantic kupita komwe tsopano ndi Mobile Bay, Alabama.
Malinga ndi a John Sevier, msirikali waku America, msilikali wakumalire, komanso wandale yemwe anali m'modzi mwa omwe adayambitsa Tennessee, nthawi ina mu 1783, mkulu wa Cherokee Oconostota adanenanso momwe zitunda zapafupi zidapangidwira ndi azungu, omwe a Cherokee adathamangitsidwa pambuyo pake. madera.
Nkhani za Sevier zikulongosola, mfumu ya Cherokee idavomereza kuti anthu odabwitsawa anali, kwenikweni, aku Welsh ochokera kunyanja. Lingaliro ili, ngati liri lolondola, lingakhale ndi zotulukapo zazikulu.
Kapena kodi anthu amaso a mwezi anali ku North America?
Chodabwitsa, nthano ya anthu amaso a mwezi inalipo pakati pa Cherokee waku Ohio nawonso. Apa, akulu ena ambadwa ndi akatswiri a mbiri yakale adanenanso kuti anthu omwe ali ndi maso a mwezi angagwirizane ndi omanga mapiri a Adena Culture, kuyambira 500 BC.
Zambiri zikadali chinsinsi chokhudza omanga zitunda akalewa. Amereka. Kodi akanatha kukhala azungu akale, a m'nthawi ya miyala omwe adawoloka milatho ya ayezi ndikukhazikika m'dziko lino?
Pofukula milu ya chikhalidwe ichi, anapeza zochititsa chidwi. Mwachitsanzo, Criel Mound ya ku West Virginia idatulutsa zotsalira za a "zazikulu kwambiri" mafupa a “munthu amene kale anali wamphamvu kwambiri” amene anayeza "mapazi asanu, 8 3-4 mainchesi" (205 cm) kuchokera kumutu mpaka kumapazi.
Kodi anthu a maso a mwezi angagwirizane ndi nthano za mbiri yakale zatsitsi lofiira ndi ndevu zofiira zimene zinasiya anthu osadziwika bwino kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa North America? Zinsinsi za anthu amene ali ndi maso a mwezi zimatsimikizirika m’njira zambiri ndipo sitikumvetsabe bwinobwino kuti anali ndani komanso kumene anachokera.
