Pachipale chadongo cha ku Babulo cha zaka 3,700, katswiri wamasamu waku Australia adapeza chomwe chingakhale chitsanzo chakale kwambiri chodziwika bwino cha jiometri. Phaleli, lotchedwa Si 427, limaphatikizapo pulani yomwe imalongosola malire a malo ena.
Phaleli lidafukulidwa kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 19 ku Iraq ndipo limalembedwa kuyambira nthawi yakale ku Babulo pakati pa 1900 ndi 1600 BCE. Unachitikira ku Istanbul Archaeological Museum mpaka pomwe Dr. Daniel Mansfield waku University of New South Wales adapezeka.
Mansfield ndi Norman Wildberger, pulofesa wothandizana nawo ku UNSW, m'mbuyomu adapeza cholembera china cha ku Babulo chomwe chinali ndi tebulo lakale kwambiri komanso lolondola kwambiri pama trigonometric. Iwo amaganiza panthawiyo kuti cholembacho chimagwira ntchito, mwina pakuwunika kapena kumanga.
Plimpton 322piritsi, loyimira ma triangles oyang'ana kumanja pogwiritsa ntchito Pythagorean patatu: manambala athunthu atatu momwe kuchuluka kwa mabwalo awiri oyamba kuli kofanana ndi lachitatu - mwachitsanzo, 32 + 42 = 52.
“Simubwera ndi ma trigonometry mwangozi; nthawi zambiri mumachita zinthu zothandiza, ” Mansfield adalongosola. Plimpton 322 adamuuzira kuti apeze mapiritsi ena owonjezera kuyambira nthawi yomweyi yomwe inali ndi ma Pythagorean triples, omwe pamapeto pake adamupititsa ku Si 427.
"Si.427 ndi pafupi gawo lomwe likugulitsidwa," Mansfield adalongosola. Zolembapo za cuneiform za phaleli, zokongoletsa zake zooneka bwino, zimaonetsa munda wokhala ndi madambo, komanso malo opunthira ndi nsanja yapafupi.
Malinga ndi a Mansfield, ma rectang omwe akuwonetsa kuti mundawo anali ndi mbali zotsutsana zazitali, kutanthauza kuti oyeserera panthawiyo adapeza njira yopangira mizere yopingasa molondola kuposa kale.
"Muli ndi anthu achinsinsi omwe akuyesa kudziwa komwe ali ndi malire a malo awo, monga momwe timachitira masiku ano, ndipo wofufuza malo amatuluka, koma m'malo mogwiritsa ntchito zida za GPS, amagwiritsa ntchito ma Pythagorean patatu. Mukamvetsetsa tanthauzo la zomwe a Pythagoras amaphunzira, chikhalidwe chanu chafika pamasamu ena, ” Mansfield adalongosola.
Katatu katatu ka Pythagorean kamapezeka mu Si 427: 3, 4, 5, 8, 15, 17, ndi 5, 12, 13 (kawiri) ndipo amatsogola katswiri wamasamu wachi Greek Pythagoras zaka zoposa 1,000. Ndiwo chitsanzo chokhacho chodziwika cha chikalata cha OB cadastral komanso chimodzi mwazinthu zakale kwambiri zodziwika bwino zamasamu.
Ababulo adagwiritsa ntchito nambala ya 60, yomwe ikufanana ndi momwe timalembera nthawi lero, ndikupangitsa kuti zisatheke kugwira ntchito ndi ziwerengero zazikulu kuposa zisanu.
Si 427 idapezeka panthawi yakukula kwa umwini wa anthu, malinga ndi kafukufuku wofalitsidwa mu magazini ya Foundations of Science. "Tsopano popeza tadziwa vuto lomwe Ababulo anali kuyesa kuthana nalo, limatchulanso mapale onse a masamu kuyambira nthawi imeneyi," Mansfield adalongosola.
"Mukuwona masamu atapangidwa kuti akwaniritse zofunikira za nthawiyo." Mbali imodzi ya Si.427 yomwe imasokoneza Mansfield ndi nambala yogonana "25:29" - yofanana ndi mphindi 25 ndi masekondi 29 - yolembedwa m'makalata akulu kumbuyo kwa phale.
"Kodi chiwerengerocho chinali chowerengera chomwe adathamanga? Kodi pali chilichonse chomwe sindinayambe ndachiwonapo? Kodi ndiyeso inayake? ” iye anafotokoza. “Zimandikwiyitsa chifukwa pali zambiri za phale lomwe ndimamvetsetsa. Ndasiya kupeza kuti ndi ndani. ”
