Ngakhale kwa akatswiri, kufotokoza chiyambi ndi chisinthiko cha anthu padziko lapansi ndizovuta. Ena, monga wofufuza wa ku Hawaii, Dr. Vámos-Tóth Bátor, apereka lingaliro lakuti kuthekera kwa chitukuko cha padziko lonse chimene chinalamulira dziko lapansi pambuyo pa chigumula. Kuti atsimikizire chiphunzitso chake, adalemba mndandanda wa mayina a malo opitilira miliyoni miliyoni ochokera padziko lonse lapansi.
Chitukuko chakale chafalikira Padziko Lonse Lapansi
Pali malingaliro ozama kuti chitukuko chakale chokhala ndi chikhalidwe chapadziko lonse lapansi chinkalamulira Dziko Lapansi kalekale. Malinga ndi kunena kwa Dr. Tóth, chitukukochi chinalipo pambuyo pa Chigumula Chachikulu, tsoka losakaza kwambiri limene limatchulidwa pafupifupi m’chitaganya chilichonse chakale.
Tóth anatcha chitukukochi Tamana, pambuyo pa mawu omwe anthu otukuka akalewa ankagwiritsa ntchito ponena za matauni awo. Kuti timvetse bwino njira ya Tóth pofotokozera chiphunzitso chake cha chitukuko cha Tamana padziko lonse, mfundo zingapo zofunika ziyenera kufotokozedwa.
Choyamba, Tóth adagwiritsa ntchito toponymy kuti apeze kulumikizana pakati pa zikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana zomwe zikukhala padziko lapansi pano. Toponymy ndi chilango chomwe chili ndi udindo wowerengera magwero a mayina oyenera a malo. M'lingaliro limeneli, toponym si kanthu chabe koma dzina loyenera la dera, monga Spain, Madrid kapena Mediterranean.
Mawu ofanana padziko lonse lapansi
Njira ya Tóth inali yofufuza kumene mayina enieni amachokera kumadera osiyanasiyana padziko lonse lapansi. Cholinga cha kafukufukuyu chinali kupeza mawu ogwirizana omwe matanthauzo ake anali ofanana. Malinga ndi malingaliro ake, izi zikanatsimikizira kuti, kale kwambiri, chikhalidwe chapadziko lonse chofananacho chinagwirizanitsa anthu padziko lonse lapansi.
Zotsatira zake zosaka zinali zodabwitsa, akutha kupeza ma toponym opitilira miliyoni miliyoni. Kuchokera ku Hungary kupita ku Africa kapena kuchokera ku Bolivia kupita ku New Guinea, Tóth adapeza malo ambiri omwe ali ndi mayina ndi matanthauzo ofanana - izi ndizopadera komanso zofunikira, ndipo zikhoza kusintha zonse zomwe timadziwa.
Tamana: chitukuko chakale
Izi sizingakhale zopanda pake, koma zimatsimikizira chiphunzitso chakuti chitukuko chakale chinalamulira Dziko Lapansi zaka zikwi zapitazo. Tóth anatcha chitukukochi Tamana, mawu ogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi otchedwa makolo kutanthauza koloni kapena mzinda watsopano.
Mawu akuti Tamana amatanthauza "linga, lalikulu kapena pakati" ndipo amapezeka m'mizinda pafupifupi 24 padziko lonse lapansi. Tóth anali wotsimikiza kuti chitukuko cha Tamana chinachokera kudera lomwe tsopano ndi dera la Africa la Sahara. Malinga ndi kafukufuku wake, iwo anali a chitaganya chotchedwa Maa, kapena Pesca, ndipo anaphatikiza Magyars, Elamu, Aigupto, Afro-Asians ndi Dravidians.
Dzinalo Maa limatanthauza kholo lalikulu la chitukuko chakale ichi, chotchedwa mbiri yakale monga Nowa. Khalidwe ili linali ndi udindo wowonetsetsa kuti anthu akupulumuka panthawi yamavuto omwe amadziwika kuti Chigumula Chachilengedwe. Kwa Maa, Nowa anali ngati mulungu woteteza komanso wopulumutsa amene amamupembedza.
Mayina ena wamba m'malo osiyanasiyana padziko lapansi
Mazana a zinthu zofanana anapezeka pamene Tóth ankafufuza mayina a malo ambiri padziko lonse lapansi, kutsimikizira lingaliro lake la chitukuko cha chilengedwe chonse. Mwachitsanzo, ku Hungary, kuli dera lotchedwa Borota-Kukula, lomwe n’lofanana kwambiri ndi Borota ku Nyanja ya Chad, Kukura ku Bolivia, ndi Kukula ku New Guinea.
Mofananamo, Tóth anapeza mbale zadothi za zaka 6,000 zokhala ndi mayina a malo ofanana m’malo otalikirana monga Carpathian Basin waku Europe, Egypt wakale, ndi Banpo ya China. Mawonetseredwe a chikhalidwe awa omwe ali ofanana pamene akulekanitsidwa ndi makilomita mazana ambiri amasonyeza kuti anthu anali ndi chitukuko cha dziko lonse lapansi.
Tóth adapeza kuti pafupifupi malo a 5,800 ku Carpathian Basin anali ndi mayina ofanana ndi malo amitundu ya 149 pambuyo pa zaka zofufuza. Madera a Eurasia, Africa, America, ndi Oceania ali ndi mayina oposa 3,500. Ambiri amatchula mitsinje ndi mizinda.
Kafukufuku wa Tóth amapereka umboni wosatsutsika wakuti pali maulalo padziko lonse lapansi omwe akuwonetsa kukhalapo kwa zaka chikwi za chitukuko chapadziko lonse lapansi.
