Zofukulidwa m'mabwinja zimadziwika kwambiri kuti chitukuko chinayambira ku Iraq, ku Mesopotamiya wakale, ndi chitukuko chachikulu cha Sumerian. Komabe, pali zinthu zofukulidwa m'mabwinja pa malo ofukula mabwinja a Al Ubaid, kumene zinthu zambiri zakale za Sumerian 7,000 zomwe zikuwonetsa zolengedwa za humanoid zomwe zili ndi buluzi zinapezeka. Inde, tikukamba za ziboliboli zenizeni zamphongo ndi zazikazi zomwe zimawonedwa mumitundu yosiyanasiyana.
Chitukuko cha Ubaidian
Chitukuko cha Ubaidian chinali chikhalidwe chakale cha Mesopotamiya chomwe chinalipo pakati pa 4500-4000 BCE. Magwero a Ubaidians, monga a Sumerians, sakudziwika. Iwo ankakhala m’midzi yambirimbiri m’nyumba za njerwa zadothi ndipo anali ndi zomangamanga zapamwamba, zaulimi, ndi ulimi wothirira.
Nyumba zazikulu zooneka ngati T, mabwalo akuluakulu, mayendedwe olowa, komanso zida zopangira chakudya zonse zinali m'gulu la zomangamanga. Ena mwa midziyi adakula kukhala mizinda, ndipo akachisi ndi nyumba zazikulu zidayamba kuonekera, monga ku Eridu, Uri, ndi Uruk, malo ofunika kwambiri a Sumerian Civilization. Malinga ndi mabuku a anthu a ku Sumeri, mzinda wa Uri unalingaliridwa kukhala mzinda wakale kwambiri.
Uzani Al'Ubaid ndi malo akulu komwe zidapezedwa zachilendo, komabe mafano adapezeka ku Ur ndi Eridu. Mu 1919, Harry Reginald Hal anali woyamba kukumba tsambalo. Tsamba la Al'Ubaid limakhala ndi chitunda chaching'ono pafupifupi theka la kilomita m'mimba mwake ndi mita ziwiri pamwambapa.
Zithunzi zodziwika bwino za abuluzi
Zifanizo zazimuna ndi zachikazi zidapezeka m'malo osiyanasiyana, ndipo mafano ambiri amawoneka ngati atavala chisoti ndikukhala ndi zikopa pamapewa. Ziwerengero zina zidapezeka zili ndi ndodo kapena ndodo, mwina ngati chizindikiro cha chilungamo ndi ulamuliro. Chiwerengero chilichonse chimakhala ndi mawonekedwe ake apadera, koma chodabwitsa ndichakuti ziboliboli zina zazimayi zimakhala ndi mkaka woyamwitsa ana akhanda, pomwe mwana wakhanda amawonetsedwanso ngati cholengedwa.
Zithunzizo zili ndi mitu yayitali, maso ooneka ngati amondi, nkhope zazitali zothinana, ndi mphuno ngati buluzi. Sizikudziwika bwinobwino zomwe akuyenera kuyimira. Maimidwe awo, monga kuyamwitsa munthu wamkazi, sizikutanthauza kuti anali zinthu zamwambo, malinga ndi akatswiri ofukula zakale.
Ngakhale tikudziwa kuti njokayo inali chizindikiro chodziwika bwino m'maiko ambiri kuyimira milungu yambiri, akatswiri ambiri ofukula zakale amakhulupirira kuti zolengedwa zonga buluzi sizimapembedzedwa ngati milungu. Ndiye, kodi mafano abuluzi amayenera kuimira chiyani?
Zilizonse zomwe anali, zimawoneka ngati zofunika kwa Ubaidians wakale. Monga momwe William Bramley ananenera, Njoka inali chizindikiro chodziwika bwino chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo osiyanasiyana kufanizira milungu yambiri, monga mulungu wa Asumeriya Enki, ndipo njokayo pambuyo pake idatengedwa ngati chizindikiro cha Ubale wa Njoka. Kodi pali kulumikizana pakati pa chizindikiro cha njoka ndi zoyimira za abuluzi?
Zolengedwa zofananira zidawonekera m'mitundu yambiri padziko lapansi
Ofufuzawo anafufuza nkhaniyi ndipo anapeza lingaliro lochititsa chidwi. Tikudziwa kuti Hopi Amwenye a kumpoto kwa Arizona ali ndi nthano za zaka mazana ambiri za “Snake Brothers” zawo zomanga mizinda mobisa ku Arizona, Mexico, ndi Central America. Ndiponso, Mulungu wa Mayan wa ku Toltec wa ku Gucumatz nthaŵi zina ankatchedwa “njoka yanzeru,” imene inali ndi phande m’kuphunzitsa anthu.
The Cherokee ndi mafuko ena Achimereka Achimereka ali ndi nkhani za mtundu wa zokwawa. Zotsatira zake, sikungakhale kulumpha kukhulupirira kuti akanatha kuchita zomwezo kumadera ena adziko lapansi.
Ku India, zolemba ndi miyambo ingapo imanena za Naga, omwe ndi zolengedwa zokwawa ngati zamoyo zomwe zimakhala mobisa ndipo zimakonda kucheza ndi anthu. Zolemba zaku India zimatchulanso gulu la amuna odziwika kuti "Sarpa," mtundu wokwawa wokhala ndi mphuno ngati njoka ndi miyendo yanjoka.
Nkhani za Kappa, zomwe zimakhala zokwawa ngati reptile, zimamveka ku Japan konse. Ku Middle East, komwe zibolibolizo zidapezeka, palinso umboni wa mpikisano wa zokwawa, komanso anthu onga achiwerewere kuyambira ku Jinn kupita ku zimbalangondo ndi amuna anyoka. Mpikisano wanjoka umafotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane mu Book of Jasher lotayika.
Kodi anthu abuluzi osamvetsetseka ndi ndani?
Anthu ambiri amakumbutsidwa za chinthu chomwe chidatuluka mu Januware 27 ya Los Angeles Times akamva za ziboliboli. Mutu wa nkhani unali wakuti, “Mzinda wa Manda a Anthu Abuluzi Akusakidwa.”
Chiwembuchi chimazungulira mzinda womwe unatayika kwa nthawi yayitali wokhala ndi chuma chosaneneka komanso zolemba zamtundu wapamwamba wa anthu. G. Warren Shufelt, katswiri wa geophysicist ndi injiniya wa migodi, anatanganidwa kwambiri ndi kuvumbula mzinda wokwiriridwa pansi pa Fort Moore Hill ndi chiyembekezo choulula zinsinsi za anthu a Lizard.
A Shufelt adaganiza kuti m'mandawo munali mapiritsi agolide okhala ndi zidziwitso zomwe zingapindulitse mtundu wa anthu, popeza The Lizard People anali anzeru kwambiri kuposa anthu apano. Anali wotsimikiza kwambiri kuti adakumba dzenje lotalika mamita 250 pansi.
A Shufelt adagwiritsa ntchito ma X-rays kuti ajambule zomwe amaganiza kuti ndi zomwe zimachitika m'mayendedwe ndi zipinda zam'nyumba zakale. Zipinda zazikulu m'zipinda zam'mapiri zomwe zili pamwamba pa mzinda wa labyrinths zimakhala mabanja a 1000.
Iye sankadziwa kuti ngalandezo zinali za anthu a Buluzi mpaka pamene anaona Mfumu yaing'ono yotchedwa Greenleaf m'nyumba ya mankhwala ya Amwenye a Hopi. A Shufelt anali otsimikiza kuti apeza umodzi mwa tawuni ya anthu abuluzi mobisa pambuyo poti Mfumu Greenleaf yawadziwitsa za iwo. Ndipotu a Shufelt anazindikira kuti mzindawuwo unali wofanana ndi buluzi ataunikanso mmene ngalandezo zinalili.
Malinga ndi nthano, a Lizard People anali ndi chipinda chimodzi chofunikira chomwe chimakhala chikwatu m'malo onse amzindawu. Kuphatikiza apo, nthanoyo imanena kuti zolemba zonse za mzindawu ziyenera kusungidwa pamapiritsi agolide kutalika kwake mikono inayi ndi mainchesi khumi ndi anayi m'lifupi.
Mawu omaliza
Ngakhale asayansi wamba amatsutsa lingaliro la mtundu wa Reptile, sangathe kupeza tanthauzo labwino la ziboliboli za 7,000 zakale. Omwe ife omwe timaganiza kunja kwa bokosi timakhulupirira kuti mwambi wambiri watha kale.
