Zojambula pamiyala 136 mpaka 54 sentimita zidapezeka kuphanga pachilumba cha Celebes ku Indonesia
Phanga la Leang Tedongnge, lomwe lili pachilumba cha Sulawesi ku Indonesia, ndi komwe kuli zaluso zakale kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi: nkhani yofalitsidwa Lachitatu lino mu nyuzipepala ya Science ikuwulula, ili ndi 136 cm-cm ndi 54-cm-cm-warthog yojambulidwa zaka zoposa 45,500 zapitazo.
Malo omwe kujambula phanga kumeneku kwapezeka, apezeka ndi katswiri wamabwinja Adam Brumm ndi gulu la asayansi ochokera ku Yunivesite ya Griffith (Australia), ndi gawo la chigwa cha miyala ya karst chomwe sichinadziwikebe mpaka 2017, ngakhale chidapezeka pafupi kwambiri ndi Makassar, mzinda waukulu komanso wokhala ndi anthu ambiri m'derali. Brumm ndi gulu lake anali oyamba Kumadzulo kuyendera malowa: "Anthu am'deralo akunena kuti ife tisanafike palibe amene analowa m'mapanga awa," akutero Brumm.
Warthog, wojambulidwa ndimitundu yayitali yofiira, m'malo mwake ndi ntchito yakale kwambiri yosaka zaka 43,900 zapitazo, yopezedwanso ndi Brumm ndi gulu lake ku 2019 kuphanga loyandikira pachilumba chomwecho. Nkhaniyi ikuwonetsa kuti, pafupi ndi chinyama, pali nkhumba zina ziwiri zosakwanira zomwe zimawoneka kuti zikuyang'anizana. “Zinthu zatsopanozi zikungowonjezera lingaliro la kuti miyambo yakale kwambiri yamiyala yamiyala mwina siyinayambike ku Ice Age Europe, monga momwe anthu ankakhulupirira kale, koma nthawi ina kale kunja kwa dera lino, mwina kwinakwake ku Asia kapena ku Africa komwe mitundu yathu idasinthika ”, akutero Brumm.
Malinga ndi ofufuzawo, kupaka phanga uku kumaperekanso umboni wakale kwambiri wamunthu wamakono pachilumba cha Celebes. "Zomwe apezazi zikugwirizana ndi lingaliro loti Homo sapiens woyamba kukhazikika m'dera lino la Indonesia adapanga zaluso zanyama ndi zochitika ngati gawo la chikhalidwe chawo," nkhaniyo imawerenga.
Kuti adziwe zaka zojambulazo, asayansiwo adagwiritsa ntchito njira yotchedwa uranium mndandanda womwe sukhala ndi zojambula zokha, koma njira za geological zomwe zimakhudzana ndi zaluso.
Malangizo: Marcos García-Diez, Pulofesa mu Dipatimenti ya Prehistory and Archaeology ku Complutense University of Madrid komanso yemwe adapeza zojambula za Cantabrian Neanderthal, akufotokoza kuti, chifukwa chakumazungulira kwamadzi, m'mapanga awa makanema oonda kwambiri a calcite amapangidwa pamakoma a phanga: “Ndiwo mbale, zomwe zili pamwambapa, zomwe ndi madeti. Chifukwa chake, ngati mukudziwa kuti calcite ili ndi zaka zingati, mutha kudziwa kuti kupenta kunalipo kale. Pankhaniyi, zaka zoposa 45,500 zapitazo. ”
García-Diez akugwirizana ndi Brumm ndi gulu lake kuti zomwe apezazi zikusintha zaluso za luso la miyala. "Aliyense ankaganiza kuti zaluso zoyambirira zidali ku Europe, koma kupezeka kwa nguluwe iyi kumatsimikizira kuti zojambula zakale kwambiri komanso zolembedwa zophiphiritsa zili mbali ina ya dziko lapansi, kuzilumba za Indonesia."
García akufotokoza kuti zojambula za zikwangwani, zala ndi mizere yomwe ilipo ku Europe kuyambira pafupifupi zaka 60,000 zapitazo sizimatengedwa ngati zophiphiritsa ndipo sizinapangidwe ndi Homo sapiens, koma ndi mtundu wakale. "Mosiyana ndi zadziko lathuli, chilichonse chikuwonetsa kuti zojambula zomwe zidapezeka ku Sulawesi ndi za anthu oyamba omwe mwina adadutsa pachilumbachi kukafika ku Australia zaka 65,000 zapitazo", akutero García.
Mbali ina yapadera ya zojambulazi ndikuti sizimangotchulidwa monga m'mafanizo akale komanso zili ndi mizere mkati. Malinga ndi García “Sizojambula zozungulira; ndi achikuda, akudzazidwa. ” Anatinso, "Pomwepo, anthu a nthawiyo amafuna kupereka lingaliro lakuti nyama yomwe anali kukoka inali yolemera, voliyumu, yomwe sinali yofanizira."
Kwa wofufuza waku Spain, mkangano wokha wopezeka, womwe m'maganizo mwake alibe kukayikira za njirayi, mtundu wa zitsanzo ndi kusanthula kwamankhwala, ndikuti olemba nkhaniyo amaumirira kuti nguluwe yakuthengo ndi gawo la nkhani mawonekedwe.
"Nkhaniyi ikuwonetsa kuti, pambali pa chinyama ichi, pali nkhumba zina ziwiri zosakwanira zomwe zikuwoneka kuti zikulimbana. Izi sizikuwoneka zomveka bwino kwa ine. Ndizolemba, nkhani yomasulira, momwe timawerengera ziwerengerozo. Ndikuganiza kuti ndizovuta kuyesa kufotokoza zomwe zikuchitika pomwe kusungidwa kwa zimbalangondo zina sikuli bwino. Ndikuganiza kuti m'malo mwazithunzi, ndi chithunzi chenicheni, chokhazikika, akutero García.
