21 matupi amunthu osungidwa bwino kwambiri omwe adapulumuka zaka zambiri modabwitsa
Anthu nthawi zonse amakhala ndi chidwi choopa imfa. China chake chokhudza moyo, kapena chomwe chimabwera pambuyo pake, chikuwoneka kuti chikukhudza ife m'njira zomwe sitingazimvetse. Kodi chingakhale chifukwa chakuti imfa imatikumbutsa zakanthawi kochepa kwa chilichonse - makamaka chathu, kuti timakakamizidwa kuti tiwunikenso mosamalitsa? Nawu mndandanda wamatupi 21 amthupi omwe asungidwa bwino kwambiri omwe angakudabwitseni.
1 | Rosalia Lombardo
Rosalia Lombardo anali mwana waku Italiya wobadwa mu 1918 ku Palermo, Sicily. Anamwalira ndi chibayo pa December 6, 1920. Abambo ake anali achisoni kwambiri kotero kuti adaumitsa thupi lake kuti lisafe. Thupi la Rosalia linali imodzi mwamitembo yomaliza yomwe inkavomerezedwa m'manda a a Capuchin ku Palermo ku Sicily, komwe imasungidwa mnyumba yaying'ono yopemphereredwa mu bokosi lokutidwa ndi galasi.
Wotchedwa "Kukongola Kogona Tulo", Rosalia Lombardo adadziwika kuti ndi m'modzi mwa mitembo yosungidwa bwino padziko lonse lapansi. Amadziwikanso kuti "Mayi Wopepuka" chifukwa cha zikope zake zotseguka mwazithunzi zina. Akatswiri amakhulupirira kuti maso akuthwanima a Rosalia ndi malingaliro abodza chifukwa cha kuwala komwe mawindo amakhudza.
2 | La Doncella - Inca Maiden
La Doncella anapezeka mu 1999 mdzenje lowundana pamwamba pa phiri la Llullaillaco, phiri lophulika kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Argentina pamalire ndi Chile. Anali ndi zaka 15 pomwe amaperekedwa nsembe kwa milungu ya Inca, limodzi ndi mwana wamwamuna ndi mtsikana. Mayeso a DNA adawonetsa kuti anali osagwirizana, ndipo zowunikira za CT zidawonetsa kuti anali ndi thanzi labwino ndipo analibe mafupa osweka kapena kuvulala kwina, ngakhale La Doncella anali ndi sinusitis komanso matenda am'mapapo.
Asanasankhidwe ngati ophedwa, ana adakhala nthawi yayitali akudya zakudya wamba za ndiwo zamasamba, monga mbatata. Zakudya zawo zidasintha kwambiri m'miyezi 12 mpaka pomwe adamwalira pomwe adayamba kulandira chimanga, chakudya chapamwamba, ndi nyama ya llama youma. Kusintha kwina pamakhalidwe awo pafupifupi miyezi 3-4 asanamwalire, zikuwonetsa kuti ndipamene adayamba ulendo wawo wopita kuphulika, mwina kuchokera ku likulu la Inca, Cuzco.
Adawatengera kumtunda kwa Llullaillaco, atamwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi chimanga ndi masamba a coca, ndipo, atagona kale, adayikidwa m'misasa yapansi panthaka. La Doncella anapezeka atakhala atavala miyendo atavala diresi lake lofiirira ndi nsapato zamizeremizere, ndi zidutswa za tsamba la coca likugwirabe pakamwa pake chapamwamba, ndi katsitsi patsaya limodzi komwe kanatsamira shawl yake atagona. Pamtunda wokwera chonchi, sizingatenge nthawi kuti afe chifukwa chowonekera.
3 | Mwana Wachi Inuit
Mwana wa Inuit anali m'gulu la mammies 8 (azimayi 6 ndi ana awiri) omwe adapezeka mu 2 kumanda pafupi ndi komwe kale kunali gombe la Qilakitsoq, dera labwinja la Greenland. Mandawo anali a 1972 AD. M'modzi mwa azimayiwa anali ndi chotupa chakupha pafupi ndi tsinde la chigaza chake chomwe chimamupangitsa kuti afe.
Mwana wa Inuit, mwana wazaka pafupifupi 6 zakubadwa, adawoneka kuti adayikidwa m'manda naye limodzi. Mwambo wachi Inuit panthawiyo unkalamula kuti mwanayo aikidwe wamoyo kapena kubanika ndi bambo ake ngati mkazi sakanapezeka kuti amuyamwitse. A Inuit ankakhulupirira kuti mwanayo ndi mayi ake ankapita limodzi kudziko la akufa.
4 | Amayi a Franklin Expedition
Poyembekeza kupeza njira yodziwika bwino yaku Northwest Passage - njira yamalonda yopita Kummawa, amuna zana adanyamuka kupita ku New World pazombo ziwiri. Sanapite komwe akupita kapena kubwerera kwawo, ndipo mbiri siyinaiwale. Patatha zaka zisanu, ulendo wopita ku chilumba cha Beechey udawulula zotsalira za anthu omwe adamwalira kalekale, ndipo pakati pawo panali manda atatu osamvetsetseka - a John Torrington, John Hartnell ndi William Braine.
Mitemboyo itatulutsidwa ndikuwunikidwa patatha pafupifupi zaka zana mu 1984 kuti ayesere kudziwa chomwe chimamupha, akatswiri ofukula zakale komanso ochita kafukufuku adadabwitsidwa ndi momwe adakhalira osakhudzidwa. Pambuyo pake adadzinenera kuti ndi tundra lamadzi oundana ndipo adatha kudziwa zaka za ma mummies - zaka 138.
5 | Xin Zhui - Lady Dai
Xin Zhui anali mkazi wa a Marquis a Han ndipo adamwalira pafupi ndi mzinda wa Changsha ku China cha m'ma 178 BC, ali ndi zaka pafupifupi 50. Anapezeka mu 1971 m'manda akuluakulu a nthawi ya Han Dynasty omwe anali pamtunda woposa 50 padziko lapansi okhala ndi zinthu zoposa 1,000 zosungidwa bwino.
Anakulungidwa mwamphamvu ndi madiresi 22 a silika ndi hemp ndi maliboni 9 a silika, ndipo adayikidwa m'mabokosi anayi, aliyense mkati mwake. Thupi lake lidasungidwa bwino kotero kuti adaliyendetsa ngati kuti wafa posachedwapa. Khungu lake linali lokwanira, ziwalo zake zimatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito, tsitsi lake komanso ziwalo zake zamkati zinali zolimba. Zotsalira za chakudya chake chomaliza zidapezeka m'mimba mwake, ndipo mtundu wa A wamagazi udathabe m'mitsempha mwake.
Kufufuza kwawonetsa kuti adadwala tiziromboti, kupweteka kwa msana, mitsempha yotsekeka, anali ndi mtima wowonongeka kwambiri - chisonyezo cha matenda amtima obwera chifukwa cha kunenepa kwambiri - ndipo anali wonenepa kwambiri atamwalira. Werengani zambiri
6 | Munthu wa Grauballe
Munthu wa Grauballe adakhala kumapeto kwa zaka za zana lachitatu BC ku Jutland Peninsula ku Denmark. Thupi lake lidapezeka mu 3 mu peat bog pafupi ndi mudzi wa Grauballe. Anali wazaka pafupifupi 1952, 30 ft 5 wamtali, ndipo wamaliseche atamwalira.
Munthu wa Grauballe anali ndi tsitsi lakuda, losinthidwa ndi mphika kukhala mtundu wofiira, ndi ziputu pachibwano chake. Manja ake anali osalala ndipo sanawonetse ntchito yakalavulagaga monga kulima. Mano ake ndi nsagwada zake zidawonetsa kuti adamva njala, kapena kudwala ali mwana. Ankadwalanso nyamakazi kumsana.
Chakudya chake chomaliza, chomwe anadya asanamwalire, chinali phala kapena ufa wouluka wopangidwa ndi chimanga, mbewu zochokera ku zitsamba zopitilira 60 zosiyanasiyana, ndi maudzu, omwe adapezeka ndi bowa wakupha uja. Mchitidwe wa ergot m'dongosolo lake ukadakhala ndi zisonyezo zopweteka, monga kupweteka ndi kutentha mkamwa, manja, ndi mapazi; mwina zinapangitsanso kuyerekezera zinthu m'maso kapena kukomoka.
Munthu wa Grauballe anaphedwa pomudula khosi, khutu ndi khutu, kudula trachea ndi kum'mero, pomupha pagulu, kapena ngati nsembe yaumunthu yolumikizidwa ndi chikunja chachitsulo cha Germany Age.
7 | Munthu wa Tollund
Monga Munthu wa Grauballe, Munthu wa Tollund adakhala m'zaka za zana la 4 BC ku Jutland Peninsula ku Denmark. Anapezeka mu 1950, atayikidwa m'manda. Pa nthawi yakufa, anali wazaka pafupifupi 40 ndipo 5 ft 3 wamtali. Thupi lake linali litakhala ngati mwana.
Munthu wa Tollund anali atavala chipewa chachikopa chopangidwa ndi chikopa cha nkhosa ndi ubweya, womangirizidwa pansi pa chibwano chake, ndi lamba wosalala m'chiuno mwake. Chingwe chopangidwa ndi chikopa chanyama choluka chidakokedwa mwamphamvu pakhosi pake, ndikutsikira kumbuyo kwake. Kupatula izi, thupi lake linali maliseche.
Tsitsi lake lidafupikitsidwa ndipo panali ziputu zazifupi pachibwano ndi mlomo wapamwamba, zomwe zikusonyeza kuti sanamete tsiku lomwalira. Chakudya chake chomaliza chinali cha phala wopangidwa kuchokera ku ndiwo zamasamba ndi mbewu, ndipo adakhala maola 12 mpaka 24 atadya. Anamwalira atapachikidwa m'malo mokakamira. Werengani zambiri
8 | Uri-David - Munthu Wachi Cherchen
Ur-David ndi gawo limodzi mwazinyama zomwe zidapezeka, koyambirira kwa zaka za zana la 20 ku Tarim Basin ku Xinjiang, China, komwe kumachokera 1900 BC mpaka 200 AD. Uri-David anali wamtali, watsitsi lofiira, makamaka waku Europe komanso woyankhula chilankhulo cha Indo-European.
Kusanthula kwa Y-DNA kunawonetsa kuti anali Haplogroup R1a, mawonekedwe akumadzulo kwa Eurasia. Anali atavala malaya ofiira ofiira komanso ma leggings atatani atamwalira cha m'ma 1,000 BC, mwina nthawi yomweyo ndi mwana wawo wamwamuna wazaka 1.
9 | Kukongola Kwa Loulan
Kukongola kwa Loulan ndi nyama zotchuka kwambiri za Tarim mummies, komanso Cherchen Man. Anapezeka mu 1980 ndi akatswiri ofukula zakale achi China omwe adalemba kanema wokhudza Silk Road. Amayiwo adapezeka pafupi ndi Lop Nur. Iye anaikidwa m'manda mamita atatu pansi.
Amayi anali atasungidwa bwino kwambiri chifukwa cha nyengo yowuma komanso mchere wosunga. Anakulungidwa mu nsalu yaubweya. Kukongola kwa Loulan kunazunguliridwa ndi mphatso zamaliro.
Kukongola kwa Loulan kunakhala pafupifupi zaka 1,800 BC, mpaka zaka pafupifupi 45, pomwe adamwalira. Zomwe zimamupangitsa kuti amwalire mwina chifukwa chakulephera kwamapapu kumeza mchenga wambiri, makala, ndi fumbi. Mwina adamwalira m'nyengo yozizira. Kukhwima kwa zovala zake ndi nsabwe mu tsitsi lake zikusonyeza kuti adakhala moyo wovuta.
10 | Mkazi Wachikhalidwe
Monga Ur-David ndi Kukongola kwa Loulan, mzimayi wa ku Tocharian uyu ndi mayi wa Tarim Basin yemwe amakhala pafupifupi 1,000 BC. Anali wamtali, wokhala ndi mphuno yayitali komanso tsitsi lalitali laubweya wa fulakisi, wosungidwa bwino mumiyendo yamphongo. Kuluka kwa zovala zake kumawoneka kofanana ndi nsalu ya chi Celt. Anali ndi zaka pafupifupi 40 atamwalira.
11 | Evita Peron
Thupi la wandale waku Argentina a Evita Peron lidasowa patatha zaka zitatu atamwalira mu 1952, pomwe Purezidenti Juan Peron wamwamuna wake adachotsedwa. Monga zinawululidwa pambuyo pake, a Anti-Peronists ankhondo aku Argentina adaba thupi lake ndikulitumiza ku odyssey kupyola komwe kudatenga pafupifupi zaka makumi awiri.
Atabwerera kwa Purezidenti wakale a Peron, mtembo wa Evita unali ndi zodabwitsa zovulaza ponseponse. Mkazi wa a Peron a Isabella akuti anali ndi chidwi chachilendo ndi Evita - adayika mtembo wake patebulo lawo kukhitchini, akumeta tsitsi lake tsiku lililonse molemekeza kwambiri ndipo amakwera m'bokosi nthawi ndi nthawi pomwe amafunika "kuthira matsenga ake kunjenjemera. ”
12 | Tutankhamun
Tutankhamun ndi farao wotchuka kwambiri ku Egypt yemwe amakhala pafupifupi 1341 BC mpaka 1323 BC. Kupezeka kwa manda ake osasunthika mu 1922 kudalandiridwa padziko lonse lapansi. Anamangidwa pang'ono, pafupifupi 5ft 11in wamtali ndipo amawoneka kuti anali ndi zaka 19 panthawi yakumwalira kwake.
Mayeso a DNA adawonetsa kuti Tutankhamun anali chifukwa cha chibwenzi. Abambo ake anali Akhenaten ndipo amayi ake anali m'modzi mwa azilongo asanu a Akhenaten. Ngakhale zomwe sizimadziwika bwino zaimfa ya Tutankhamun sizikudziwika, akukhulupirira kuti zolakwika zingapo zamtundu, zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi kuswana, zinali zifukwa zomaliza zomvetsa chisoni.
Mfumu Tutankhamun, wodziwika kuti farao wachinyamata ku Egypt, mwina adakhala nthawi yayitali pamoyo wake akumva kuwawa asanamwalire chifukwa cha malungo komanso mwendo wosweka, womwe udadwala kwambiri. Tut analinso ndi m'kamwa mokhotakhota komanso msana wopindika, ndipo mwina anali wofooka chifukwa cha kutupa komanso mavuto amthupi mwake.
A King Tut adayikidwa m'manda ndi ma fetus awiri omwe mwina anali ana ake awiri obadwa ali ndi mkazi (ndi mlongo wawo wamwamuna) Ankhesenamun.
13 | Ramesses Wamkulu
Ramesses II, yemwenso amadziwika kuti Ramesses Wamkulu, anali farao wachitatu wa Mibadwo Yachisanu ndi Chinayi ya ku Egypt. Amadziwika kuti ndi pharao wamkulu kwambiri, wodziwika bwino, komanso wamphamvu kwambiri ku New Kingdom, nthawi yamphamvu kwambiri ku Egypt wakale. Otsatira ake ndipo pambuyo pake Aigupto adamutcha "Ancestor Wamkulu".
Rameses the Great anali ndi zaka 90 pomwe adamwalira mu 1213 BC. Pomwe amamwalira, a Ramesses anali ndi vuto lalikulu la mano ndipo anali ndi matenda a nyamakazi komanso kuuma kwa mitsempha. Analemeretsa Aigupto ndi zonse zomwe anali nazo komanso chuma chomwe adapeza kuchokera ku maufumu ena. Adali atapitilira akazi ndi ana ake ndipo adasiya zikumbutso zazikulu ku Egypt. Afarao asanu ndi anayi adadzitcha Ramesses pomupatsa ulemu.
14 | Ramesses Wachitatu
Ramesses III, yemwe anali mayi wovuta kwambiri ku Igupto, adayambitsa mikangano yayikulu pazomwe adamwalira mu asayansi. Pambuyo pofufuza mosamala mosamala kwambiri, zidadziwika kuti anali m'modzi mwa ma Farao akulu kwambiri ku Egypt munthawi ya mafumu a 20.
Kutengera ndi kudula kwakanthawi kwa 7 sentimita komwe kumapezeka pakhosi pake, olemba mbiri amaganiza kuti Ramesses III adaphedwa ndi ana ake mu 1,155 BC. Komabe, lero amayi ake amawerengedwa kuti ndi amodzi mwa mitembo yosungidwa bwino kwambiri m'mbiri yaku Egypt.
15 | Dashi Dorzho Itigilov
Dashi Dorzho Itigilov anali mmonke wachi Russia wachi Buddha wachilemu yemwe adamwalira pakati pa nyimbo mu lotus mu 1927. Chipangano chake chomaliza chinali pempho losavuta kuti aikidwe m'mene adapezidwira. Pafupifupi zaka makumi awiri pambuyo pake mu 1955, amonkewo adatulutsa mtembo wake ndikupeza kuti sakuvunda.
16 | Clonycavan Munthu
Clonycavan Man ndi dzina lomwe limasungidwa ku Iron Age yotetezedwa bwino yomwe idapezeka ku Clonycavan, Ballivor, County Meath, Ireland mu Marichi 2003. Ndi mutu wake wam'mutu ndi mutu womwe udapulumuka, ndipo thupi limawonetsa kuti aphedwa.
Zotsalirazo zinali za radiocarbon kuyambira pakati pa 392 BC ndi 201 BC ndipo, modabwitsa, tsitsi lake lidathiridwa ndi utomoni wa paini, mtundu wakale kwambiri wa gel osakaniza tsitsi. Kuphatikiza apo, mitengo yomwe utengowu udasungidwa imangokula ku Spain komanso kumwera chakumadzulo kwa France, zomwe zikuwonetsa kukhalapo kwa njira zamalonda zazitali.
17 | Juanita, Ice Maiden
Operekedwa ndi ansembe a Inca kwa milungu yawo monga chosangalatsa, Juanita wazaka 14 wa "Ice Maiden" adakhalabe wozizira m'chigwa cha volcano pafupifupi zaka mazana asanu. Mu 1995, akatswiri ofukula za m'mabwinja Jon Reinhard ndi mnzake wokwera naye Miguel Zarate adapeza thupi lake m'munsi mwa phiri la Ampato ku Peru. Wotamandidwa ngati chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu kwambiri zasayansi zopezeka panthawiyo, thupi (loyesedwa kuti linali ndi zaka pafupifupi 500) lidakhalabe lolimba ndipo lidapulumuka zaka zambiri modabwitsa.
18 | Ötzi Wopanda Ice
Ötzi Iceman anakhala ndi moyo pafupifupi 3,300 BC ndipo anapezeka mu 1991, atawuma m'chipale chofeŵa pamapiri a Ötztal Alps, m'malire a Austria ndi Italy. Ndi mayi wakale kwambiri wachilengedwe ku Europe ndipo adasanthulidwa kwambiri ndi asayansi. Pomwe amamwalira, Ötzi anali wamtali pafupifupi 5 ft 5, wolemera pafupifupi 110 lb ndipo anali wazaka pafupifupi 45.
Ötzi anafa imfa yachiwawa. Anali ndi mivi mu phewa lake lamanzere, ngakhale kuti miviyo idachotsedwa asanamwalire. Analinso ndi mikwingwirima ndi macheka m'manja, pamanja ndi pachifuwa, komanso akumenyetsa mutu zomwe mwina zidamupha. Chimodzi mwazitsulo zam'munsi mwa chala chake chachikulu chinafikira mpaka fupa.
Kupenda DNA mwachiwonekere kunavumbula zipsyinjo zamagazi kuchokera kwa anthu ena anayi omwe anali atavala zovala za Ötzi: imodzi pampeni wake, iwiri kuchokera kumutu umodzi womwewo, ndipo yachinayi kuchokera ku malaya ake. Ötzi mwina anapha anthu aŵiri ndi muvi umodzimodziwo, kuutenga maulendo onse aŵiri, ndipo mwazi pa chovala chake ungakhale wochokera kwa bwenzi lovulazidwa limene ananyamula kumbuyo kwake, kutanthauza kuti anali mbali ya gulu lomwe linali kunja kwa dera lakwawo - mwina gulu lankhondo lokhala ndi zida lomwe limachita nawo nkhondo ndi fuko loyandikana nalo. Werengani zambiri
19 | St. Bernadette
St. Bernadette adabadwa mwana wamkazi wopha anthu mu 1844 ku Lourdes, France. Mmoyo wake wonse, adafotokozera za Namwali Maria tsiku lililonse. Masomphenya amodzi amamutsogolera kuti apeze kasupe yemwe akuti amachiritsa matenda. Zaka 150 pambuyo pake, zozizwitsa zikudziwikabe. Bernadette anamwalira ali ndi zaka 35 kuchokera ku chifuwa chachikulu mu 1879. Panthawi yovomereza, thupi lake lidatulutsidwa mu 1909 ndipo lidapezeka losavunda.
20 | Kukongola kwa Xiaohe
Mu 2003, akatswiri ofukula mabwinja akufukula za Manda a Xiaohe Mudi ku China adapeza mitembo yambiri, kuphatikiza yomwe ingatchedwe Kukongola kwa Xiaohe. Tsitsi lake, khungu komanso ma eyelashes adasungidwa bwino. Kukongola kwachilengedwe kwa mkazi kumaonekera ngakhale atatha zaka zinayi.
21 | Vladimir Lenin
Kupumula mkati mwa Red Square ku Moscow ndiye amayi osungidwa bwino kwambiri omwe mungapeze - a Vladimir Lenin. Kutsatira kufa kwa mwadzidzidzi kwa mtsogoleri waku Soviet mu 1924, owumitsa mitembo yaku Russia adatumiza nzeru zonse zakumapeto kwa moyo wakufa.
Ziwalozo zidachotsedwa ndikusinthidwa ndi chopangira chinyezi ndipo makina opopera amapangidwira kuti thupi lizizizira kwambiri komanso kuti lizidya madzi. Amayi a Lenin akhalabe owopsa mpaka pano; kwenikweni, imapitilizabe "kusintha ndi ukalamba".
bonasi:
Zamatsenga
Moyo ukhoza kuyimitsidwa ndikuyambiranso ngati maziko ake atetezedwa. Mazira aumunthu amasungidwa nthawi zonse kwa zaka kutentha komwe kumalepheretsa zonse zomwe zimachitika m'moyo. Anthu achikulire apulumuka kuzizira mpaka kutentha komwe kumalepheretsa mtima, ubongo, ndi ziwalo zina zonse kugwira ntchito mpaka ola limodzi.
Cryonics ndi kuzizira kotsika kwambiri (nthawi zambiri kumakhala pa -196 ° C kapena -320.8 ° F) ndikusungira mtembo wa munthu kapena mutu wodulidwa, ndikuyembekeza kuti chiyembekezo chitha kuchitika mtsogolo. Pofika mu 2014, pafupifupi mitembo 250 yasungidwa ku cryogenically ku United States, ndipo anthu pafupifupi 1,500 asayina kuti zotsalira zawo zisungidwe. Pofika mu 2016, pali malo anayi padziko lapansi kuti asunge matupi osungidwa: atatu ku United States ndi amodzi ku Russia.
