M'mbiri yonse ya anthu, zikhalidwe padziko lonse lapansi zakhala zikusunga malo opatulika monga malo ochititsa chidwi, auzimu, ndi zinsinsi. Makani akale amenewa, odzazidwa ndi nthano ndi nthano za zaka mazana ambiri, akupitirizabe kukopa ndi kukopa malingaliro athu. M'nkhaniyi, talembapo malo khumi ndi awiri opatulika komanso opatulika kwambiri padziko lapansi omwe mungayambepo.
1. Stonehenge – Wiltshire, England
Kutenga malo otchuka pamndandanda wathu ndi Stonehenge wodziwika bwino. Umboni wanzeru zaumunthu, chipilala cha Neolithic ichi chimayima ngati chithunzithunzi chamuyaya. Kumangidwa pakati pa 3000 ndi 2000 BC, mapangidwe akuluakulu a miyala ndi kuyanjanitsa kwa zakuthambo kumakhalabe chinsinsi. Kodi anali malo oonera zinthu zakuthambo, malo amene anaika maliro, kapena malo ochitirako mwambo? Mayankho atayika kale kwambiri, zomwe zikuwonjezera chidwi ku malo osangalatsa awa.
2. Angkor Wat – Siem Reap, Cambodia
Pokhala pakati pa nkhalango zowirira, Angkor Wat ndiye chipilala chachikulu kwambiri chachipembedzo padziko lonse lapansi. Kachisi wokongola ameneyu, yemwe anamangidwa m’zaka za m’ma 12, amadabwitsa alendo chifukwa cha kamangidwe kake kochititsa chidwi komanso chosema chogometsa. Zifukwa zomangidwira, cholinga chake choyambirira, ndi kusiyidwa kwadzidzidzi kwa mzinda womwe kale unali wotukuka zidakali zodziwikiratu, zomwe zikuupangitsa kukhala malo odabwitsa kwa ofufuza ndi akatswiri a mbiri yakale.
3. Mapiramidi Aakulu - Egypt
Mapiramidi Aakulu a ku Giza, omwe ali kunja kwa mzinda wa Cairo, ku Egypt, ndi nyumba zochititsa chidwi zakale kwambiri. Zomangidwa zaka zoposa 4,000 zapitazo, mapiramidi akuluakuluwa akupitirizabe kuchititsa chidwi akatswiri ndi akatswiri a mbiri yakale chifukwa cha njira zodabwitsa zomwe anagwiritsa ntchito pomanga. Mapiramidi opangidwa ndi miyala yamchere ndi granite, akuti anamangidwa ngati manda a afarao, koma palibe umboni weniweni wochirikiza chiphunzitsochi. Ngakhale kuti kwapita zaka zambiri, Mapiramidi Aakulu a ku Giza ndi chizindikiro chosatha cha mbiri yakale ya Igupto komanso luso laukadaulo la chitukuko chake chakale.
4. Teotihuacan - Mexico
Chochititsa chidwi komanso chodabwitsa, Teotihuacan amalamulira ngati umodzi mwamizinda yakale kwambiri ku Mesoamerican. Tanthauzo la dzina lake, “malo amene milungu inalengedwa,” moyenerera limagwira ntchito yachinsinsi chake. Yendani mumsewu wa Akufa, sangalalani ndi Piramidi ya Dzuwa ndi Piramidi ya Mwezi, ndipo sinkhasinkhani za chitukuko chomwe chinasowa modabwitsa, ndikungosiya zidziwitso zochititsa chidwi za cholinga chake ndi kutha kwake.
5. Göbekli Tepe - Turkey
Göbekli Tepe atabisika pansi kwa zaka zoposa 12,000, akulembanso mbiri ya chitukuko cha anthu. Tsamba la Neolithic ili, lomwe lidalipo Stonehenge ndi mapiramidi aku Egypt, sunali mudzi wamba koma mwambo wapamwamba kwambiri. Zipilala zosema mopambanitsa zosonyeza zinyama zimasonyeza kufunika kozama kwauzimu, kusonyeza zikhulupiriro ndi miyambo yovuta ya makolo athu akale.
Chodabwitsa n’chakuti, ofufuza angapo amati Göbekli Tepe ndiye malo akale kwambiri padziko lonse oonera zakuthambo. Pali zonena ziwiri zazikulu zomwe iwo omwe amaganiza kuti Göbekli Tepe anali ndi kugwirizana kwakumwamba amalozera. Mmodzi akusonyeza kuti malowa ankagwirizana ndi thambo la usiku, makamaka nyenyezi ya Sirius, chifukwa anthu akumeneko ankalambira nyenyeziyo monga momwe zikhalidwe zina za m’derali zinkachitira zaka masauzande pambuyo pake. Wina akuti zojambula ku Göbekli Tepe zimalemba za comet zomwe zidagunda Earth kumapeto kwa Ice Age.
6. Pasaka Island - Chile
Makilomita zikwizikwi kuchokera kumtunda wa Chile kuli pachilumba cha Easter chakutali komanso chodabwitsa. Ziboliboli zake zodziwika bwino za moai zimayima ngati alonda osalankhula akuyang'anira zinsinsi zachitukuko chodabwitsa. Sizikudziwikabe kuti ziboliboli zazikuluzikuluzi zinkasemedwa, kunyamulidwa komanso kuziika pachilumbachi. Tsegulani nkhani zomwe zayikidwa muzithunzi izi ndikuchita chidwi ndi kukongola kodabwitsa kwa chilumbachi poganizira za kukwera ndi kugwa kwa chitukuko cha Rapa Nui.
7. Machu Picchu – Peru
Pamwamba pa Andes wa ku Peru, mzinda wakale wa Incan wa Machu Picchu uli ngati umboni wa nzeru za anthu komanso chikhalidwe cha anthu. Malowa ali pakati pa mapiri ochititsa chidwi kwambiri, otetezedwa modabwitsa ndipo amadabwitsa alendo chifukwa cha miyala yake yodabwitsa komanso yochititsa chidwi kwambiri. Cholinga cha kumangidwa kwake ndi zifukwa za kusiyidwa kwake kwadzidzidzi n’zosadziŵika bwino, kutichititsa mantha ndi ulemerero wake wakale.
8. Chichen Itza - Mexico
Chichen Itza, yomwe ili ku Mexico, ndi mzinda wochititsa chidwi wa Mayan wotchuka chifukwa cha kachisi wake wa piramidi, El Castillo. Maonekedwe a piramidi ya kachisiyo ndi kamangidwe kake kocholoŵana kwambiri zachititsa chidwi ofufuza chifukwa cha kamangidwe kake kophiphiritsira ndi kasayansi. Kulondola modabwitsa komanso luso laukadaulo laukadaulo lomwe adagwiritsidwa ntchito pochipanga akadali chinsinsi, zomwe zikuwonjezera kukopa kwa zodabwitsa zakalezi. Chichen Itza ndi umboni wa luso lachitukuko cha Mayan ndipo ndi malo oyenera kuyendera kwa iwo omwe akufuna kuwona zinsinsi zakale.
9. Petra – Yordani
Mzinda wa Petra, womwe uli ku Yordani wamakono, ndi mzinda wakale kwambiri womwe unajambulidwa m’thanthwe ndi anthu a ku Nabate. Malo odabwitsawa, UNESCO World Heritage Site kuyambira 1985, amakopa alendo ndi mamangidwe ake apadera komanso makina ochititsa chidwi a hydraulic. Kuphatikizika kwa ngalandeko, madamu, ndi zitsime zinapatutsa madzi ndi kusungidwa, kupangitsa kuti mzindawu ukhalebe ndi moyo m’chipululu chouma. Njira zomangira ndi mapulani aluso amene anthu a ku Nabate anagwiritsa ntchito pomanga mzinda wochititsa chidwiwu akadali ochititsa chidwi akatswiri ofukula zinthu zakale, zomwe zimawachititsa kuzindikira zachitukuko chawo.
10. Mizere ya Nazca - Peru
Nazca Lines ndi zochititsa chidwi zakale za geoglyphs zopezeka ku Peru, zokhazikika m'chipululu. Zithunzi zazikuluzikuluzi zikuwonetsa zinyama, zomera, ndi maonekedwe a geometric, zofalikira kudera louma. Zopangidwa ndi anthu akale a Nazca pakati pa 500 BCE ndi 500 CE, cholinga chawo sichikudziwikabe mpaka pano. Mizereyo ndi yokulirapo kwambiri kotero kuti ingayandidwe mokwanira kuchokera mumlengalenga, zomwe zimatsogolera ku malingaliro akuti zidatumikira monga njira zamagulu achipembedzo kapena malo amwambo. Kaya pazifukwa zachinsinsi, zakuthambo, kapena zophiphiritsa, Nazca Lines ikupitirizabe kukopa akatswiri ofukula zinthu zakale, akatswiri a chikhalidwe cha anthu, ndi apaulendo achidwi mofanana.
11. The Oracle of Delphi - Greece
Oracle of Delphi ku Greece anali malo olemekezeka achipembedzo operekedwa kwa mulungu Apollo. Oracle, wansembe wamkazi dzina lake Pythia, amalowa m'maganizo kuti alankhule maulosi ochokera kwa Apollo. Anthu kuphatikizapo mafumu, atsogoleri, ndi anthu wamba ochokera m’madera osiyanasiyana ankafuna malangizo a Oracle pa zosankha zofunika kwambiri. Maulosiwo anali osavuta kumva, ofunikira kuwamasulira. Malowa anali ndi Kachisi wa Apollo, malo osungiramo chuma, bwalo lamasewera, ndi bwalo lamasewera. Ngakhale kuti chiwonongeko chake pamene Ufumu wa Roma unatembenuzidwa kukhala Chikristu, chisonkhezero cha Oracle m’nthano zachigiriki ndi mbiri chikhalire.
12. Chipata cha Aramu Muru - Peru
Pafupifupi makilomita 35 kuchokera ku mzinda wa Puno, pafupi ndi tawuni ya Juli, likulu la chigawo cha Chucuito, pafupi ndi Nyanja ya Titicaca, ku Peru, pali miyala yosema yokhala ndi mamita asanu ndi awiri m'lifupi ndi mamita asanu ndi awiri kutalika - Chipata cha Aramu Muru. Mumadziwikanso kuti Hayu Marca, chipatacho sichimapita kulikonse.
Malinga ndi nthano, pafupifupi zaka 450 zapitazo, wansembe wa Inca Empire, adabisala m'mapiri kuti ateteze diski ya golidi - yopangidwa ndi milungu kuti ichiritse odwala ndi kuyambitsa amautas, osunga mwambo anzeru - kuchokera kwa ogonjetsa a ku Spain. Wansembeyo ankadziwa khomo lodabwitsa lomwe linali pakati pa phirilo. Chifukwa cha chidziwitso chake chachikulu, adanyamula diski yagolide ndikudutsamo ndipo adatha kulowa m'miyeso ina, kuchokera komwe sanabwerere.
