Tsis tu ncua hloov mus rau hauv qhov tob ntawm dej hiav txwv, ultra-dub eels tau ntxim nyiam cov kws tshawb fawb raws li lawv zoo li hloov zuj zus mus rau kev siv lub tswv yim ntawm camouflage. Nrog lawv cov luminous tails, cov eels muaj peev xwm kos lawv cov tsiaj nyob ze ua ntej devouring lawv nrog lawv lub puab tsaig ntshai.
Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm hom Anguilloidei (xws li cov dej qab zib, spaghetti eels thiab pob tshab onejaw eels) tau qhia tias cov xim tsaus nti tau tsim nws tus kheej ntawm ntau tshaj ib lub sijhawm. Piv txwv ntawm qhov no suav nrog cov poj koob yawm txwv ntawm pelican eels (Eurypharynx pelecanoides), swallower eels, bobtail eels, snipe eels, thiab sawtooth eels.
Cov kev tshawb pom ntawm kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no tau luam tawm nyob rau hauv phau ntawv journal Environmental Biology ntawm Fishes Lub Xya hli ntuj 11, 2020, muab kev nkag siab zoo ntawm tus cwj pwm ntawm cov tsiaj hauv hiav txwv tob, ntau yam uas tseem tsis tau kawm ntxiv.
Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias cov dej hiav txwv tob yog qhov loj tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no, peb tseem to taub me ntsis txog nws, raws li Mike Ghedotti, tus xibfwb ntawm marine biology thiab ichthyology ntawm Regis University hauv Denver. Nws kuj tau sau tseg tias kev soj ntsuam dej hiav txwv tob yog txheej txheem kim heev thiab nws tsis tshwm sim ntau npaum li kev soj ntsuam dej hiav txwv ntiav.
Tus da dej, lossis dej hiav txwv tob, eel, feem ntau nyob thiab yos hav zoov hauv qhov tob ntawm dej hiav txwv "Ib tag hmo," ntawm 3,300-13,100 ko taw (1,000-4,000 meters) qhov twg tsis muaj hnub ci tuaj yeem nkag mus. Qhov kev tsaus ntuj nyob mus ib txhis no tau cuam tshuam cov eels lub cev nyob rau hauv txoj kev txawv txawv, nrog rau pelican eel lub qhov ncauj ua piv txwv tseem ceeb ntawm kev ncab lub peev xwm tsis sib haum los ntawm lwm hom. Kev tshawb xyuas cov dej num ntawm cov tsiaj no hauv qhov tob no tau ua pov thawj tias nyuaj heev.
Nyob rau hauv ib qho kev sim los piav qhia txog tus cwj pwm tsis meej ntawm cov eels sib sib zog nqus, cov kws tshawb fawb tau saib ze rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm pelican eel nyob rau hauv lub microscope. Ntawm kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas, cov kws tshawb fawb pom ib qho tshwj xeeb dav hlau-dub pigmentation uas tau kis thoob plaws lub cev ntawm lub cev.
Kev tshawb fawb rau lwm hom eel pom tau hais tias hom kab da dej xws li nqos cov eels thiab bobtail snipe eels muaj tib yam xim tsaus nti li pelicans eels, whereas deepwater pelagic eels, zoo li snipe eels thiab sawtooth eels, uas nyob hauv qhov qis qis qis dua. ntawm no pigment.
Tsis ntev los no, thawj zaug, ib tug pelican eel raug ntes ntawm lub koob yees duab nrog zaub mov hauv nws lub plab. Txawm hais tias nws tsis muaj kev ua luam dej, nws tau xav tias cov tsiaj no siv lawv cov tails bioluminescent raws li kev nuv ntses los nyiam cov crustaceans me me los yog squid, uas lawv tau noj.
Qhov tsaus nti pigmentation ntawm cov tsiaj nyeg no ua rau lawv siv bioluminescence rau lawv qhov kom zoo dua, ua rau tus Tsov tus tw ntawm pelican eels thiab swallower eels zoo li glowing, captivating beacons nyob rau hauv qhov tsaus ntuj. Thaum ib tug pelican eel tau ntxias nws cov tsiaj txhu ze txaus, nws lub qhov ncauj tuaj yeem nthuav tau tsib npaug thiab nws devours nws lub hom phiaj hauv ib lub gulp.
Ghedotti tau hais tias nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb thaum luring prey nrog lub teeb uas tus tsiaj tsis pom lub xub ntiag ntawm predator tshaj lub lure. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj ntau txoj hauv kev uas siv bioluminescence ntawm ntau hom ntses sib nrug los ntawm kev siv nws los ntxias cov tsiaj, thiab feem ntau ntawm cov xwm txheej no, nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua yog tias koj tus kheej luminescence tsis qhia txog kev muaj sia nyob ntawm lwm qhov chaw. koj lub cev.
Txoj kev tshawb no yog thawj zaug luam tawm nyob rau hauv phau ntawv journal Environmental Biology ntawm Fishes nyob rau lub Xya hli ntuj 18, 2023.
