Mysterious rituals qhia los ntawm ancient Arabian suab puam qauv

Cov ntaub thaiv tsis meej, cov duab plaub tau siv los ntawm cov neeg Neolithic rau kev ua yeeb yam tsis paub.

Raws li ib tug ScienceAlert tsab ntawv ceeb toom, xyoo 2019, ib pab neeg thoob ntiaj teb ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb coj los ntawm archaeologist Melissa Kennedy ntawm University of Western Australia tau khawb ib tug 140-meter ntev sandstone Mustatil ze Al-'Ula, nyob rau sab qaum teb Saudi Arabia, hu ua IDIHA-F-0011081. Cov ntaub thaiv tsis meej, cov duab plaub tau siv los ntawm cov neeg Neolithic rau kev ua yeeb yam tsis paub. Cov excavations tau nthuav tawm ntau pua qhov seem ntawm cov tsiaj seem, pawg nyob ib ncig ntawm lub pob zeb ncaj nraim txhais tau tias dawb ceev. Qhov no qhia tau hais tias lub pob zeb slab yog ib lub pob zeb dawb ceev uas sawv cev rau tus vaj tswv lossis cov vajtswv ntawm cov neeg uas nyob hauv thaj av ntau txhiab xyoo dhau los.

Mysterious rituals qhia los ntawm ancient Arabian suab puam qauv 1
Interlocking pob zeb hlwb pom sab nraum lub hauv paus ntawm mustatil IDIHA-F-0011081. © Kennedy thiab al., PLOS IB, 2023

Cov Mustatils yog ib qho kev tshawb pom tshwj xeeb hauv thaj chaw ntawm archaeology. Cov qauv no tsuas yog pom nyob rau sab qaum teb sab hnub poob Saudi Arabia thiab tau pom thawj zaug hauv xyoo 1970 los ntawm kev yees duab huab cua. Cov qauv saib txawv txawv no yog ua los ntawm cov pob zeb thiab yog cov duab plaub, nrog qhov ntev uas feem ntau siab dua nws qhov dav. Cov qauv phab ntsa yog tsim los ntawm cov pob zeb uas tau muab tso rau saum toj ntawm ib leeg, tsis tas siv cov tshuaj khib lossis cov cement, hauv cov txheej txheem hu ua dry-stone masonry. Cov Mustatils tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm qhov loj me, nrog qee qhov me me, thiab lwm qhov ntev txog kaum meters.

Mysterious rituals qhia los ntawm ancient Arabian suab puam qauv 2
Lub ntsiab architectural nta ntawm ib tug mustatil pom nyob rau hauv Saudi Arabia. Lawv muaj ob lub platform luv luv, tuab, txuas los ntawm phab ntsa qis ntawm qhov ntev ntau dua, ntsuas txog 600 meters (2,000 ko taw), tab sis tsis txhob ntau tshaj li ib nrab ib 'meter' (1.64 ko taw) siab. © Kennedy thiab al., PLOS ib, 2023

Lawv ntseeg tau tias yog cov qauv qub uas tau tsim thaum lub sijhawm Neolithic, uas rov qab mus rau thaj tsam 8,000 xyoo dhau los. Cov Mustatils tseem nyob hauv qhov tsis paub, thiab lawv lub hom phiaj tsis meej meej. Qee cov kws tshaj lij ntseeg tias lawv yuav raug siv rau kev ntseeg lossis kev ua koob tsheej, thaum lwm tus hais tias lawv tuaj yeem siv rau kev soj ntsuam hnub qub lossis ua tsiaj txhu.

Mysterious rituals qhia los ntawm ancient Arabian suab puam qauv 3
Qhov chaw thiab layout ntawm excavated mustatil. © Kennedy thiab al., PLOS IB, 2023

Lwm txoj kev xav qhia tias Mustatils tau siv los tua tsiaj. Cov phab ntsa pob zeb tej zaum yuav tau tsim teeb meem uas funneled tsiaj mus rau hauv qhov chaw nqaim uas lawv tuaj yeem tua tau yooj yim. Qhov kev xav no tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm qhov muaj cov cuab yeej tsiaj qub nyob ze qee qhov Mustatils.

Mysterious rituals qhia los ntawm ancient Arabian suab puam qauv 4
Muaj archaeologists pom ib tug xav paub ntxiv qhia rau lub monument kev siv nyob rau hauv ancient haiv neeg: ib tug me me, rectangular pob zeb chamber, nyob rau hauv uas cov neeg tshawb fawb pom tib neeg seem, nyob ib sab ntawm lub taub hau ntawm lub mustatil, qhov twg lub betyl chamber nteg. Qhov no yog cist; ib tug me me, ancient faus chamber, tsim los ntawm slabs ntawm unworked sandstone. Nws tau poob rau hauv nws tus kheej lub sijhawm dhau los, tab sis tseem muaj cov khoom tawg thiab ib feem ntawm tib neeg seem. © Kennedy thiab al., PLOS IB, 2023

Qee cov kws tshaj lij tau hais tias Mustatils tau siv los ua qhov ntxa lossis faus chav. Cov qauv ' uniformity thiab muaj nyob ntawm tib neeg seem pom nyob ze ib co Mustatils txhawb txoj kev xav no. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis yog txhua tus Mustatils muaj tib neeg seem, ua rau tsis ntseeg txog qhov kev xav no. Txawm lawv lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb npaum li cas, cov qauv no yog ib qho kev tshawb pom zoo uas muab kev nkag siab rau lub neej nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm hauv cheeb tsam.

Nyob rau hauv ob peb lub xyoo dhau los, archaeologists kawm lub Mustatils tau pom tias lawv tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm los nag los nag nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam, uas tej zaum yuav tau tso cai rau cov pej xeem loj thiab ntau complex zej zog. Cov qauv ntawm lawv tus kheej tau ua raws li cov qauv astronomical, xws li kev nce thiab nqis ntawm lub hnub thiab lub hli, qhia tias lawv tau siv rau kev soj ntsuam astronomical lossis rituals.

Ib qho kev tshawb pom zoo tshaj plaws hauv Northwest Saudi Arabia yog qhov muaj pob zeb kos duab ze ntawm Mustatils. Lub pob zeb kos duab qhia txog tsiaj, tib neeg, thiab cov duab geometric, thiab xav tias hnub rov qab mus rau tib lub sijhawm raws li Mustatils. Lub xub ntiag ntawm pob zeb kos duab yog li ze rau cov qauv qhia tias lawv yog ib feem ntawm cov kab lis kev cai loj dua, thiab kev koom tes ntawm Nabatean kev vam meej thaum ub, uas tswj hwm thaj av ntau hauv thawj xyoo pua BC.

Hauv kev xaus, qhov kev tshawb pom ntawm Mustatils nyob rau sab qaum teb sab hnub poob Saudi Arabia yog ib qho pov thawj rau qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tshawb fawb archaeological hauv kev qhib cov lus zais ntawm peb yav dhau los. Nws tsuas yog los ntawm kev mob siab rau ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb, cov kws tshawb fawb, thiab cov zej zog hauv zos uas peb tuaj yeem cia siab kom nkag siab tob txog peb cov cuab yeej cuab tam kev coj noj coj ua thiab keeb kwm nplua nuj ntawm peb lub ntiaj teb.

Raws li cov kev tshawb pom tshiab zoo li no txuas ntxiv mus, nws pom tseeb tias muaj ntau yam ntxiv los kawm txog Mustatils thiab cov neeg tsim lawv. Nws yog lub sijhawm zoo siab rau archaeology thiab ib qho uas cog lus tias yuav nthuav tawm ntau qhov kev nkag siab zoo rau peb yav dhau los.


Cov kev tshawb fawb tau nyiaj txiag los ntawm Royal Commission rau AlUla thiab tau luam tawm hauv PLOS IB.