Toumaï waa magaca la siiyay wakiilkii ugu horreeyay ee fossil -ka sahelanthropus tchadensis Noocyada, oo madaxiisa oo dhammaystiran laga helay Chad, Afrikada Dhexe, sannadkii 2001. Taariikhdu markay ahayd 7 milyan oo sano ka hor, Toumaï ayaa la rumaysan yahay inuu yahay hominidkii ugu da'da weynaa ee la yaqaan ilaa maanta.
Daahfurka Toumaï
Sannadkii 2001, cilmi -baarayaashu waxay daah -fur aan caadi ahayn ka sameeyeen dhulka saxaraha ee Waqooyiga Chad: ururinta lafaha iyo jajabka lafaha oo ag fadhiya qalfoof inta badan dhammaystiran. Cilmi -baadhayaashu waxay dhakada u bixiyeen “Toumaï,” oo macnaheedu yahay “rajada nolosha” ee afka Toubous, ama Goranes, oo ah dad reer guuraa ah oo ku nool Chad.
Astaamaha qalfoofka waxay ahaayeen mashup duug ah iyo mid cusub, oo ah mashiin cabbirkiisu yar yahay laakiin leh ilkaha canine-ga yar-sida caadiga ah way ka yar yihiin hominins-ka marka loo eego chimps-ka, ehelkayaga noogu dhow.
Waxay ahayd da 'fossil -ka in ka sii naxdin badnaa, si kastaba ha ahaatee. Toumaï waxay jirtaa inta u dhaxaysa 6 milyan ilaa 7 milyan oo sano. Waqtigaas, dhakhaatiirta paleoanthropologists waxay aaminsanaayeen in awowgii ugu dambeeyay ee aan wadaagno chimps uu ahaa ugu yaraan hal milyan oo sano ka yar. Toumaï waxay soo jeedisay in kala qaybsanaanta nasabadeena ay dhacday waqti aad uga badan intii la malaynayay.
Taariikhdu markay ahayd 7 milyan oo sano ka hor, Toumaï waxaa la rumeysan yahay inay tahay hominidkii ugu da'da weynaa ee la yaqaan ilaa maanta. Waxay wax yar ka horrayn doontaa kala -duwanaanshaha u dhexeeya chimpanzees iyo khadka aadanaha. Waxaa la sheegay inuu yahay lab culeyskiisu yahay 35kg oo cabbirkiisu yahay hal mitir, kaasoo ku noolaan lahaa kayn u dhow goob biyood, sida ay soo jeediyeen fossils of kalluunka, yaxaasyada iyo daanyeerka laga helay agtiisa.
Hominid Vs Hominin
Hominid - kooxda oo ka kooban dhammaan Apes Great oo casri ah oo bakhtiyay (taas oo ah, aadanaha casriga ah, chimpanzees, gorillas iyo orang-utans oo lagu daray dhammaan awoowayaashooda dhow).
Hominin - kooxda oo ka kooban bini'aadam casri ah, noocyada bini'aadamka oo baaba'ay iyo dhammaan awowyaasheenii dhow (oo ay ku jiraan xubnaha hiddaha Homo, Australopithecus, Paranthropus iyo Ardipithecus).
Toumaï Iyo Aragtida “Sheekada Dhinaca Bari”
Helitaanka Toumaï ee lamadegaanka Djurab ee Chad, ku dhawaad 2,500 km galbeed ka xigta Great East African Rift Valley, oo lagu naanayso “Gogosha Bani -aadamka”, ayaa shaki gelinaysa aragtida “Sheekada Dhinaca Bari”. Waxaa soo jeediyay Yves Coppens oo ah cilmi -baaraha cilmiga bayoolaji -yaqaanka, mala -awaalkani wuxuu sheegayaa in awoowayaashii homo sapiens ay ka soo muuqan lahaayeen Bariga Afrika ka dib kacdoonno juqraafi iyo cimiladeed.
Cilmi -baadhayaashu waxay soo jeedinayaan in Toumaï ay Noqon karto Biipedal Primate!
Qaar ka mid ah khubarada cilmiga dadka, Toumaï xitaa waxay u noqon lahayd hormuudka laba -geeslaha ah waxayna noqon doontaa mid ka mid ah awoowayaashii ugu horreeyey ee xarriiqda aadanaha. Bipedal primate micnaheedu waa Toumaï ayaa laga yaabaa inay ku socotay laba lugood. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, maxaa yeelay lama helin lafo ama lafo jajab ka hooseeya dhakada (hadhaagii dambe), si dhab ah looma oga in Toumaï dhab ahaantii laba -lugood lahaa, in kasta oo sheegashooyinka loo yaqaan magnum foramen magnum hore loo soo jeediyay waxay soo jeedinaysaa in tani ay ahaan karto kiiska iyo Toumaï runtii mid naga mid ah.
Magnum -ka foramen waa furitaanka salka dhakada halkaas oo xudunta lafdhabarta ay ka baxdo. Xagasha furitaanku waxay muujin kartaa haddii laf-dhabarku ku fidsan yahay dhakada gadaasheeda, sida ay u samayso xayawaanka afar-lugood leh, ama hoos u dhacay, sida ay u samayso hominins laba-lugoodle ah. Khubarada kale, taa beddelkeeda, waxay u noqon lahayd daanyeer oo keliya oo ma aha hominin haba yaraatee. Laakiin, ma sidaasaa ??
