Farshaxannada dhagaxa weyn ee laga helay goobta da'da barafka ee Kent

Laba mindiyood oo aad u waaweyn, oo lagu tilmaamay gacan-gashiyo waaweyn, ayaa ka mid ahaa alaabtii la soo saaray.

Cilmi-baarayaal ka tirsan machadka UCL ee cilmiga qadiimiga ayaa helay qaar ka mid ah aaladaha dhagxaanta hore ee ugu weyn ee Britain.

Afar aragtiyood oo gacan-gacmeedka 'Giant' Academy Maritime Academy (RF 53), oo muujinaya labada weji ee farshaxanimada iyo aragtida dhinac kasta
Afar aragtiyood oo gacan-ku-taagga ah ee Akadeemiyada Maritime Academy (RF 53), oo muujinaya labada weji ee farshaxanka iyo aragtida dhinac kasta. © Arkeoloji Koonfur-Bari/ UCL | Isticmaal Caadil ah.

Qodista, oo ka dhacday Kent oo loo wakiishay ka hor horumarinta Dugsiga Akadeemiyada Maritime ee Frindsbury, ayaa shaaca ka qaaday waxyaabo taariikhi ah oo hore oo ku jira sediments Age Ice qoto dheer oo lagu ilaaliyo buur dhinaceeda ka sarraysa Dooxada Medway.

Cilmi-baadhayaashu, oo ka socda UCL Archaeology South-East, waxay heleen 800 oo farshaxan oo dhagax ah oo loo maleynayo in ay ka weyn yihiin 300,000 oo sano, oo lagu aasay seedions kuwaas oo buuxiyey marin-biyoodka iyo kanaalka webiga qadiimiga ah, oo lagu qeexay cilmi-baaristooda, oo lagu daabacay Internet Archaeology.

Waxyaabaha la soo bandhigay waxaa ka mid ah laba mindiyood oo aad u waaweyn oo dhagax ah oo lagu tilmaamay inay yihiin "gacanta waaweyn". Handaxes waa farshaxanno dhagax ah oo la jarjaray, ama "lagu dhuftey," labada dhinac si ay u soo saaraan qaab siman oo leh gees goyn dheer. Cilmi-baadhayaashu waxay rumaysan yihiin in qalabka noocan ah inta badan lagu hayn jiray gacanta lagana yaabo in loo isticmaali jiray qalitaanka xoolaha iyo jarista hilibka. Labada gacan ee ugu waaweyn ee laga helay goobta badda ayaa leh qaab gaar ah oo leh caarad fiiqan oo dheer oo si fiican loo shaqeeyay, iyo saldhig aad u dhumuc weyn.

Archaeologist Senior Letty Ingrey (Machadka UCL ee Archaeology), ayaa yidhi, "Waxaan ku sifeyneynaa qalabkan inay yihiin 'rafaan' marka ay ka badan yihiin 22cm oo dherer ah waxaanan leenahay laba cabbirkan. Kan ugu weyn, oo dhererkiisu yahay 29.5cm, waa mid ka mid ah kuwa ugu dheer ee abid laga helo Britain. 'Gacanta-gacan-weyn' ee sidan oo kale ah ayaa badanaa laga helaa gobollada Thames iyo Medway waxayna taariikhdu ahayd in ka badan 300,000 oo sano ka hor."

ASE Senior Archaeologist Letty Ingrey ayaa cabbiraya gacanta ugu weyn. Credit: Archeology South-East/UCL
ASE Senior Archaeologist Letty Ingrey ayaa cabbiraya gacanta ugu weyn. © Arkeoloji Koonfur-Bari/ UCL | Isticmaal cadaalad ah.

Gacmahani aad bay u weyn yihiin, way adag tahay in la qiyaaso sida sahal loo hayn karo oo loo isticmaali karo. Waxaa laga yaabaa inay buuxiyeen hawl yar oo la taaban karo ama ka calaamad badan marka loo eego qalabka kale, muujin cad oo xoog iyo xirfad ah. In kasta oo hadda, ma hubno sababta qalabkan waaweyn loo sameeyay, ama noocyada bini'aadmigii hore ay samaynayeen, boggani waxa uu bixiyaa fursad lagaga jawaabo su'aalahan xiisaha leh. "

Goobta waxaa loo maleynayaa inay taariikhda ku jirto xilli hore ee taariikhda hore ee Ingiriiska markii dadka Neanderthal iyo dhaqamadoodu ay bilaabeen inay soo baxaan oo laga yaabo inay xitaa la wadaagaan muuqaalka noocyada kale ee bini'aadamka hore. Dooxada Medway wakhtigan waxay ahaan lahayd dhul duurjoog ah oo ah buuro geedo leh iyo dooxooyinka webiyada, oo ay ku nool yihiin cawsha cas iyo fardo, iyo sidoo kale naasleyda aan la aqoon sida maroodiga iyo libaaxa oo hadda dabar go'ay.

In kasta oo la helay da'dan qadiimiga ah, oo ay ku jiraan gacan-gacmeed kale oo cajiib ah oo 'Giant' ah, laga helay Dooxada Medway ka hor, tani waa markii ugu horreysay ee lagu helo qayb ka mid ah qodista baaxadda weyn, iyada oo siinaya fursad ay ku soo ururiyaan aragtiyo dheeraad ah nolosha kuwa sameeyay.

Dr. Matt Pope (Machadka UCL ee cilmiga qadiimiga), ayaa yidhi, “Qodista laga sameeyay akadeemiyada badda waxay na siiyeen fursad qaali ah oo aad u qiimo badan oo aan ku baran karno sida muuqaalka da'da barafka u horumaray rubuc milyan sano ka hor. Barnaamijka falanqaynta sayniska, oo ay ku lug leeyihiin khabiiro ka socda UCL iyo machadyo kale oo UK ah, ayaa hadda naga caawin doona inaan fahamno sababta goobta ay muhiim ugu tahay dadkii hore iyo sida farshaxanada dhagxaanta, oo ay ku jiraan 'gacanta weyn' ay uga caawiyeen inay la qabsadaan caqabadaha Barafka Deegaannada da'da."

Kooxda cilmi-baadhistu waxay hadda ka shaqaynaysaa sidii ay u aqoonsan lahaayeen una daraasayn lahaayeen agabka la helay si ay si fiican u fahmaan cidda abuurtay iyo waxa loo adeegsaday.

Archaeologist Sare Giles Dawkes (UCL Institute of Archaeology) ayaa hogaaminaya shaqo helitaan labaad oo muhiim ah oo laga helay goobta - qabuuraha Roomaanka, oo la xidhiidha ugu yaraan rubuc milyan sano ka dib waxqabadka Age Age. Dadka halkan lagu aasay intii u dhaxaysay qarniyadii hore iyo kii afraad ee AD waxay noqon karaan dad degganaa guri filo ah oo u dhow oo laga yaabo inay yaalay qiyaastii 850 mitir xagga koonfureed.

Kooxdu waxay heleen hadhaagii 25 qof, oo 13 ka mid ah la gubay. Sagaal ka mid ah dadka la aasay ayaa laga helay alaabo ama alaabo gaar ah oo ay ku jiraan jijimo, afarna waxaa la dhex geliyay sanduuqyo alwaax ah. Ururinta dhoobada iyo lafaha xoolaha ee agtooda laga helay waxay u badan tahay inay xidhiidh la leeyihiin cibaadada wakhtiga aaska.

In kasta oo dhismayaasha Roomaanku si weyn loo qoday, xabaalaha taariikh ahaan waxay ahaayeen kuwo aan diiradda la saarin cilmi-baarayaasha qadiimiga ah iyo helitaanka goobtan ayaa bixisa fikrado cusub oo ku saabsan caadooyinka duugista iyo caadooyinka labada Roomaan ee ku noolaa guriga villa iyo kuwa u dhow. magaalada Rochester.

Jody Murphy, oo ah Agaasimaha Waxbarashada ee Iskuullada Fikirka ee Akadamiyadda ayaa tiri, "Anaga, anagoo ah akadeemiyada Maritime Academy iyo Thinking Schools Academy Trust, waxaan dareemaynaa nasiib badan inaan qayb ka noqono daahfurkan cajiibka ah. Waxaan aad ugu hanweynnahay xiriirka aan la leenahay bulshada maxalliga ah iyo gobolkayaga, iyada oo in badan oo ka mid ah aqoonsiga dugsigeena uu ku xiran yahay taariikhda Medway. Waxa aanu rajaynaynaa in aanu ka faa’iidaysano fursadan gaarka ah si aanu dhalinyaradeena u barano waxyaabahan la helay, anagoo u abuurnayna kuwii naga horeeyay dhaxal waara”.