Erayga "Irish Black" waxaa loola jeedaa dadka ka soo jeeda Irishka kuwaas oo leh astaamo madow, timo madow, maqaar madow, iyo indho madow. Waxa la yaab leh, ereygan si naadir ah loogama isticmaalo Ireland, laakiin waxa uu qarniyo badan soo dhex maray soogalootiga Irishka ah iyo faracooda.
Taariikhda oo dhan, Ireland waxaa lagu soo qaaday duulaano badan oo ka yimid dalal kala duwan. Qiyaastii 500 BC, Celts waxay yimaadeen jasiiradda. Vikings waxay markii ugu horreysay yimaadeen Ireland 795 AD waxayna aasaaseen Boqortooyada Norse ee Dublin 839 AD.
Markii Normans ay yimaadeen 1171, Boqortooyada Dublin way dhammaatay. Markii Normans ay wajaheen boqortooyooyinkan Hiberno-Norse ee Ireland, bulshadu waxay si tartiib tartiib ah u rogmatay waxa hadda loo yaqaan Norman Ireland.
Vikings-ku waxay hubaal ahaan lahaayeen inay joogi lahaayeen Ireland muddo dheer haddii aysan ahaan lahayn geesiga caanka ah ee Irish Brian Boru, kaas oo ku dhiirraday inuu cayriyo Vikings, oo sidoo kale loo yaqaanno duullaan madow ama ajnabi madow. Ajaanibka waxaa loo higaadiyay "xameeti", madow (ama mugdi) waxaa loo higaadiyay "dubh."
Qaar badan oo ka mid ah qoysaskii soo duulay waxay qaateen magacyo Gaelic oo ay ku jiraan labadan kelmadood ee tilmaanta ah. Magaca "Doyle" wuxuu ka yimid ereyga Irish "O'Dubhghaill," oo macneheedu yahay "ajnabi madow," oo muujinaya awowgooda inay yihiin xoog soo duulay oo leh ujeeddooyin mugdi ah.
Xubno ka tirsan ciidamada Isbaanishka ayaa markab ku burburay xeebaha Ireland 1588. Haddii ay joogi lahaayeen jasiiradda oo ay dhistaan qoysyo, waxaa laga yaabaa in hiddo-wadaha ay u gudbaan qarniyaal.
Si kastaba ha ahaatee, inta badan taariikhyahanadu waxay aaminsan yihiin in badi askartan Isbaanishka ay qabteen oo ay dileen mas'uuliyiin British ah, sidaas darteed qof kasta oo badbaaday uma badna inuu saameyn ku yeesho barkada hiddaha ee waddanka.
Boqolaal kun oo reer Irish ah ayaa u haajiray Ameerika intii lagu jiray abaartii waynayd ee 1845-1849. Sababtoo ah waxay ka soo baxsadeen dhimashadan cusub ee dhimashada madow, waxaa lagu calaamadiyay "madow." Macaluul ka dib, Irish badan ayaa u qaxay Ameerika, Kanada, Australia, iyo wadamo kale.
Sannadihii 1800-aadkii, xidhiidhka Ireland iyo Britain ayaa xumaaday, taasoo keentay kalsooni darro. Dowladda Britain ma aysan bixin kaalmo ku filan xalinta arrimaha. Waxa laga yaabaa in Ingiriisku erayga "Madaw" u isticmaalay si bahdil ah.
Way adagtahay in la yiraahdo markii ereyga "Irish Black" uu soo muuqday markii ugu horeysay, laakiin waxay u muuqataa in dhowr dhacdo oo taariikhi ah oo Ireland ka dhacay ay gacan ka geysteen soo bixitaanka ereyga. Sida aan soo aragnay, waxaa jira aragtiyo badan oo ku saabsan sida ereyga ku yimid.
Uma badna in "Irish-ka Madow" ay ka soo farcameen koox yar oo ajnabi ah oo ku biirtay Irishka oo badbaaday. Waxay u muuqataa in "Irish Madoow" uu yahay erey qeexitaan halkii laga ahaan lahaa sifo la dhaxlo oo lagu dabaqay qaybaha kala duwan ee dadka Irishka ah waqti ka dib.
Ninka Cheddar
2018, hidde-yaqaannada Jaamacadda College London iyo Matxafka Taariikhda Dabiiciga ah ayaa shaaca ka qaaday in 'Cheddar Man' - qalfoofka Mesolithic ee laga helay godka Somerset 1903 - uu lahaa "maqaar madow ama madow", indho buluug ah iyo timo curdan.
Cheddar Man - oo hore loogu sawiray inuu leeyahay indho bunni iyo maqaar fudud - wuxuu ka mid ahaa degeyaashii ugu horreeyay ee si joogto ah u degay UK gurigooda, wuxuuna la xiriiraa ku dhawaad boqolkiiba 10 dadka casriga ah ee halkaas ku nool.
Dan Bradley, borofisar ku takhasusay hidda-wadaha dadweynaha ee Trinity College Dublin, mashruuc wadajir ah oo ay la leeyihiin Matxafka Qaranka ee Ireland, Trinity ayaa soo ururiyay xog laba qof oo Irish ah oo noolaa in ka badan 6,000 oo sano ka hor - waxayna ogaadeen inay leeyihiin astaamo la mid ah Cheddar Man.
"Irish-kii ugu horreeyay wuxuu la mid ahaan lahaa Cheddar Man wuxuuna yeelan lahaa maqaar ka madow midka aan maanta haysanno," ayuu yiri Prof Bradley.
"Waxaan u maleyneynaa in [dadkii Irish hore] ay la mid noqon doonaan. Maqaarka hadda, ee aadka u khafiifka ah ee aan ku leenahay Ireland hadda waa barta ugu dambeysa ee kumanaan sano oo ka badbaado cimilada halkaas oo ay jirto qorrax aad u yar. Waa laqabsiga baahida loo qabo in lagu soo saaro fitamiin D maqaarka. Kumanaan sano ayay ku qaadatay inay sida maanta tahay.” - Prof Dan Bradley
Daraasado dambe ayaa sidoo kale lagu soo gabagabeeyey, dadka Irish-ka ah ee taariikhda hore, ugaarsadeyaasha 10,000 oo sano ka hor, waxay ahaayeen madow madow oo waxay lahaayeen indho buluug ah. Marka, ma laga yaabaa inay suurtogal tahay in ereyga "Irish Black" uu dhab ahaantii ka yimid 10,000 ka hor?
