Chinthu chaching'ono kwambiri chopangidwa kuchokera kuchitsulo chomwe chinagwa kuchokera kumwamba chinapezedwa pafupi ndi malo okhala. Sinali meteorite yapafupi kwambiri kuderali, komabe, ofufuza akuganiza kuti mwina idachokera ku Estonia, yomwe ili patali kwambiri.
Miviyo sikuti imangowonetsa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa chitsulo chakumwamba m'nthawi yosungunula isanakwane, komanso ikuwonetsa kukhalapo kwa machitidwe akulu azamalonda omwe adagwira ntchito zaka masauzande zapitazo.
Katswiri wina wa sayansi ya nthaka, dzina lake Beda Hofmann, wa ku Natural History Museum ku Bern ndiponso wa ku yunivesite ya Bern ku Switzerland, anayamba kufufuza kwambiri kuti apeze zinthu zakalekale zachitsulo. Popeza kuti chitsulo choyera chinali chosowa m’nthaŵi zakale, njira yokhayo yopezeka mosavuta inali kugwiritsira ntchito chitsulo chimene chinagwa kuchokera kumwamba monga ma meteorite.
Iron meteorites ndi mtundu womwe umawonedwa kwambiri. Amatha kupulumuka mphamvu ya kulowa mumlengalenga ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi chitsulo, komanso faifi tating'ono ndi zitsulo zina. Amakhulupirira kuti zida zambiri zachitsulo ndi zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu Bronze Age zidapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito chitsulo cha meteoritic.
Ku Middle East, Egypt, ndi Asia konse, zinthu zakale zapezedwa; komabe, pakhala zopezeka zochepa kwambiri ku Europe konse.
Morigen, yomwe ili ku Switzerland masiku ano, inali malo okhala bwino mu Bronze Age, kuyambira pafupifupi 800 mpaka 900 BCE. Munda wa Twannberg, womwe uli ndi zotsalira za mwala womwe unabwera kuchokera kumwamba zaka zambiri isanafike nyengo yomaliza ya ayezi, unali mtunda waufupi kuchokera ku Morigen (osapitirira makilomita 8, kapena 5 miles) malinga ndi Harvard University abstract.
Hofmann ndi gulu lake anafukula mutu wa chitsulo pamalo omwe anali atakumba kale. Utali wake unali 39.3 mm ndipo unkalemera magalamu 2.904. Gululo linaona kuti panali zotsalira za organic, zomwe ankaganiza kuti ndi phula la birch, lomwe mwina ankamangirira mutu wa muvi ku mtengo wake. Mapangidwe ake anali ochokera kudziko lino.
Kusanthula kwa chinthucho kwatsimikizira kukhalapo kwa chitsulo ndi faifi tambala, zomwe zimapangidwira mwachizolowezi chitsulo cha meteoritic. Kuonjezera apo, isotopu ya radioactive ya aluminiyamu - aluminium-26 - inapezedwa, yomwe ingapangidwe kokha mumlengalenga, pakati pa nyenyezi.
Yili yakusangalasya mnope kumanyilila kuti kumanyilila yindu yine yakusosekwa mnope pandaŵi jakusawusya yakusawusya yakusawusya yatukusaŵa yakusawusya ku Twannberg. M'malo mwake, zikuwoneka ngati mtundu wachitsulo cha meteorite chomwe chimadziwika kuti IAB meteorites.
Chiyambi cha muvi ndi chosavuta kuzindikira poganizira ma meteorite akuluakulu a IAB omwe amadziwika kuti adagwa ku Europe. Atatu mwa awa ali ndi zolemba zomwe zimagwirizana ndi mutu wa muvi: Bohumilitz ku Czechia, Retuerte de Bullaque ku Spain, ndi Kaalijarv ku Estonia. Ma meteorite awa adalembedwa patsamba la Lunar and Planetary Institute.
Ofufuzawo adatsimikiza kuti Kaalijarv ayenera kuti amafanana ndi kufotokozera. Idafika Padziko Lapansi pafupi ndi 1500 BCE ndipo zidutswa zomwe zidapanga zinali zoyenera kupangira mivi. Komabe, malo ake anali 1600 km (994 miles) kuchokera ku Morigen, kusonyeza kuti mwina anayenda kudutsa Amber Road.
Poganizira kuchuluka kwa zinyalala za meteorite zopangidwa ndi zotsatira za Kaalijarv, zingakhale zopindulitsa kufufuza zinthu zomwe zimagwirizana ndi mutu wa muvi, poyesa kupeza meteorite kholo.
Ofufuzawa akunena kuti ngakhale kuti inachokera ku Kaalijarv, ndizotheka kwambiri kuti mutu wa muvi sunali chinthu chokhachokha komanso kuti pangakhale zidutswa zina zachitsulo cha meteoritic, monga za kukula kakang'ono, m'magulu ofukula zinthu zakale ku Ulaya ndipo mwinamwake. ngakhale kupitirira.
Phunzirolo lidasindikizidwa koyamba m'magazini Science Direct pa July 25, 2023.
